Breeding & Pregnancy

Question 1

reproductive cells are also known as

Answer 1

gametes
female = eggs
male = sperm

Question 2

chromosomes

Answer 2

-blueprint for structures and functions of body
-cell has the same identical chromosomes except in gametes
-chromosome number in all cells except gametes is the diploid number

Question 3

mitosis (all cells except gametes)

Answer 3

-growth and replace old or dead
-chromosomes duplicate before division
-results in 2 identical daughter cells and have diploid

Question 4

chromosomes in gametes

Answer 4

-haploids (1/2 the chromosomes)
-egg + sperm = fertilized diploid egg

Question 5

meiosis - reduction division

Answer 5

-gametes are produced this way
-unique genetic makeup

Question 6

results of meiosis

Answer 6

-egg and sperm have haploid
-4 daughter cells that are not identical
-daughter cells have haploid chromosome

Question 7

estrous cycle intervals

Answer 7

polyestrous (cattle and swine) and seasonally polyestrous (horse and sheep)

Question 8

semen deposit locations

Answer 8

-cows & sheep in vagina
-horses & pigs through open cervix

Question 9

sperm travel

Answer 9

-deposited to oviduct
-smooth muscle contractions of uterus, oviducts, and cilia
-oxytocin causes contractions

Question 10

head of sperm

Answer 10

-acrosome - penetrates egg
-nucleus - DNA

Question 11

midpiece of sperm

Answer 11

-mitochondria - produce energy

Question 12

tail of sperm

Answer 12

-movement

Question 13

sperm capactiation

Answer 13

-occurs in oviduct while waiting
-enzymes activate so sperm can penetrate

Question 14

fertilization

Answer 14

-many sperm tunnel thro egg layers
-only 1 sperm penetrates cell membrane and delivers

Question 15

zygote

Answer 15

-fertilized egg an diploid
-begins mitosis dividing and from oviduct to uterus

Question 16

blastocyst

Answer 16

-occurs after 2 days of divisions
-enters uterus and attaches to wall
-ball of cells
-placenta begins

Question 17

placenta

Answer 17

-supply O and nutrients and removes waste
-connected to offspring by umbilical cord
-surrounded by fluid filled sacs around offspring

Question 18

allantoic sac

Answer 18

-connected to bladder of fetus by urachus

Question 19

amniotic sac

Answer 19

-fluids which contains fetus

Question 20

types of placenta attachment

Answer 20

-diffuse and cotyledonary

Question 21

diffuse placenta attachment

Answer 21

-attached over placenta surface and uterine lining
-easily detached
-horse and pig

Question 22

cotyledonary placenta attachment

Answer 22

-joins with caruncle in uterus lining
-attaches at certain points on placenta
-placenta can be retained
-ruminants