Breast Pathoma

Question 1

Breast is a modified ________

Answer 1

Sweat gland

Question 2

Functional unit of the breast

Answer 2

Terminal duct=lobular unit

Question 3

Lobules and ducts are lined by

Answer 3

Two layers of epit.

Question 4

The two layers of epit. are:

Answer 4

Lumina, cell layer

Myoepithelial cell layer

Question 5

Highest density of breast tissue is found in _____

Answer 5

Upper quadrent of the breast

Question 6

Milk production outside og lactation is also called

Answer 6

Galactorrhea

Question 7

Is galactorrhea a symptom of breast cancer?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

What can cause galactorrhea?

Answer 8

Nipple stimulation
Prolactinoma of Ant. Pituitary
Drugs

Question 9

Acute mastitis usually caused by

Answer 9

Staph aureus

Question 10

Acute mastitis usually occurs during

Answer 10

Breast feeding period

Question 11

Acute mastitis may progress to

Answer 11

Abscess formation

Question 12

Inflammation of the subareolar duct is also called

Answer 12

Periductal mastitis

Question 13

Periductal mastitis is commonly seen in

Answer 13

Smokers

Question 14

What smoke does to the columnar epit. cells?

Answer 14

Vit. A deficiency -> Squamous epit. cells -> Keratin plug -> Inflammation behind the duct

Question 15

Periductal mastitis presents as

Answer 15

Subareolar mass

Question 16

Granulation tissue contains ______ whcih will contract and pull the nipple inwards

Answer 16

Myofibroblasts

Question 17

Which disorder will present as green-brown nipple discharege?

Answer 17

Mammary duct ectasia

Question 18

Inflammation with dilation of the subareolar duct is also called

Answer 18

Mammary duct ectasia

Question 19

Mammary duct ectasia classicaly arises in which population?

Answer 19

Postmenopausal women

Question 20

What is seen on biopsy of Mammary duct ectasia?

Answer 20

Chronic inflammation and plasma cells

Question 21

Fat necrosis of the breat is usually related to

Answer 21

Trauma

Question 22

Why do we see calcification in fat necrosis of the breast?

Answer 22

Due to saponification

Question 23

Biopsy of Fat necrosis of the breast will show

Answer 23

Calcification

Giant cells

Question 24

What is the most common change in premenopausal women breast?

Answer 24

Fibrocystic change

Question 25

Fibrocystic change present as

Answer 25

Lumpy breast

Question 26

Gross patholgy of the Fibrocystic change

Answer 26

Blue-dome appearance

Question 27

Fibrocystic change crries/Dont carry risk of cancer

Answer 27

Doesnt carry

Question 28

Apocrine metaplasis does/doesnt increase the risk for cancer

Answer 28

Doesnt

Question 29

Ductal hyperplasia does/doesnt increase the risk for cancer

Answer 29

Does

Question 30

Papillary growth usually into a large duct is defined as

Answer 30

Intraductal papilloma

Question 31

Intraductal papilloma classically presents as

Answer 31

Bloody nipple discharge in premenopausal women

Question 32

Papillary carcinoma is characterized by papillary projection lined by epit. cells without ______

Answer 32

Underlying myoepithelial cells

Question 33

Tumpr of fibrous tissue and glands=

Answer 33

Fibroadenoma

Question 34

What is the most common benign lesion of the breast

Answer 34

Fibroadenoma

Question 35

Fibroadenoma is ____ sensitive

Answer 35

Estrogen

Question 36

Fibroadenoma presents as

Answer 36

Well-circumscribed, mobile marble-like mass

Question 37

Fibroadenoma like tumor with overgrowth of the fibrous tissue=

Answer 37

Phyllodes tumor

Question 38

Phyllodes tumor classically looks like _____ on biopsy

Answer 38

Leaf like projection

Question 39

Which one can be malignant? | Phyllodes tumor/Fibroadenoma

Answer 39

Phyllodes tumor

Question 40

What is the most common cancer in women by incidece?

Answer 40

Breast cancer

Question 41

Breast cancer is __ most common cause of cancer mortality

Answer 41

2nd

Question 42

If DCIS goes out to the skin of the nipple it is called-

Answer 42

Paget disease of the nipple

Question 43

If DCIS invade the BM we call it

Answer 43

Invasive DCIS

Question 44

What is the appearance of DCIS

Answer 44

Detected as calcification on mammography

Question 45

Which DCIS type has high grade cells with necrosis and dysrophic calcification in center of duct?

Answer 45

Comedo type

Question 46

Special subtypes of invasive ductal carcinoma

Answer 46

- Tubular carcinoma - Mucinous carcinoma - Inflammatory carcinoma - Medullary carcinoma

Question 47

Medullary carcinoma is characterized by

Answer 47

Large, high grade cells growing in sheets with associated lymphocytes and plasma cells

Question 48

Medullary carcinoma has an increased incidence in which population

Answer 48

BRCA1 carriers

Question 49

TNM- T?

Answer 49

Tumor size

Question 50

TNM- N?

Answer 50

Local lymph Node metastasis

Question 51

TNM- M?

Answer 51

Distant Metastasis

Question 52

What is the most usefull factor in the prognosis of breast cancer?

Answer 52

Spread to axillary lymph nodes

Question 53

Hereditary breast cancer represents __ of breast cancer cases

Answer 53

10%

Question 54

BRCA1 is associated with

Answer 54

Breast and ovarian carcinoma

Question 55

BRCA2 is associated with

Answer 55

Breast carcinoma in males

Question 56

Removal of both breast=

Answer 56

Bilateral mastectomy

Question 57

Do woman whe undergo Bilateral mastectomy in case of BRCA1 mutation eliminate their chance to cancer?

Answer 57

No | Breast tissue sometimes extends into the axilla or asubcutaneous tissue in the chest wall

Question 58

Where is the highest density of breast tissue in males?

Answer 58

Underneath the nipple

Question 59

Male breast cancer most commom histological subtype

Answer 59

Invasive ductal carcinoma

Question 60

Male breast cancer is associated with

Answer 60

BRCA2 mutation | Klinefelter syndrome