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SN Pathology final > A. VI > Flashcards

A. VI Flashcards

1
Q

Hypersensitivity reaction=

A

Pathological immune response to otherwise harmless Ag

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2
Q

Type I HSN

A

IgE mediated, mast cell activation

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3
Q

Type I HSN stages

A

Immediate (Mast cell release histamine and tryptase)

Late (Chemokine attract inflammatory cells)

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4
Q

Type I HSN examples

A

Anaphylaxis

Allergic asthma

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5
Q

Type II HSN

A

Ab mediated. Binds cell surface Ag and attracts NK

B for II

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6
Q

Type II HSN examples

A 
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Transfusion reaction
Rheumatic fever
MG
Graves disease
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7
Q

Type III HSN

A

Immune Complex Ag-Ab complex activate complement which attracts neut -> release lysosomal enymes

C for III

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8
Q

Type III HSN examples

A

SLE
Polyarthritis nodosa
PSGN

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9
Q

Type IV HSN (two mechanism)

A

Delayed, cell mediated

  1. CD8+ T cell kill target cell
  2. CD4+ T cell recognizes Ag and release cytokines
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10
Q

HSN I-III are all _____ mediated

A

Ab

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11
Q

Type IV HSN examples

A

Contact dermatitis
PPD skin test
Graft vs host disease

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12
Q

Autoimmune disorders are characterized by

A

Immune-mediated damage of tissue

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13
Q

Autoimmune disorders involves loss of

A

Self-tolerance

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14
Q

Autoimmune disorders are more common in

A

Women of childbearing age

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15
Q

Etiology of Autoimmune disorders

A

Likely an inviormental trigger in genetically susceptible individuals

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16
Q

What happens in SLE?

A

Ab against the host damage multiple tissue

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17
Q

HSN II=

A

Cytotoxic

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18
Q

HSN III=

A

Ag-Ab complex

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19
Q

SLE includes what type of HSN reaction?

A

II+III

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20
Q

SLE clinical features

A 
Fever
Weight loss
Butterfly rash
Arthritis
Pleuritis
Pericarditis
Cns psychosis
Renal damage
Endocarditis
Myocarditis
Anemia
Trhombocytopenia
Leukemia
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21
Q

Most common renal damage in SLE?

A

Diffused proliferative glomerulonephritis

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22
Q

What type of endocarditis is common in SLE?

A

Libman Sacks Endocarditis

LSE on SLE

23
Q

Libman sacks endocarditis characterized by

A

small, sterile deposits on both sides of the mitral valve

24
Q

Libman sacks endocarditis affects which valve?

A

Mitral

25
Q

SLE symptoms by mnemonic

A

RASH OR PAIN

Rash
Arthritis
Serositis
Hematologic disorders
Oral ulcers
Renal disease
Photosensitivity
Antinuclear Ab
Immunologic disorders
Neurologic disorders
26
Q

Which syndrome is associated with 30% SLE cases?

A

Antiphospholipid Ab syndrome

27
Q

Antiphospholipid Ab syndrome results in

A

Arterial and venous thrombosis

28
Q

Sjorgen syndrome=

A

Autoimmune destruction of lacrimal and salivary glands (exocrine glands)

29
Q

Sjorgen syndrome is a type __ HSN

A

IV

30
Q

Sjorgen syndrome is _______ mediated damage with ________

A

Lymphocyte mediated damage with fibrosis

31
Q

Sjorgen syndrome classically presents with

A 
Dry eyes (no tears)
Dry mouth (no saliva)
Recurrent dental carries
32
Q

Dry mouth is also called

A

Xerostomia

33
Q

Sjorgen syndrome often associated with what other syndrome?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

34
Q

Sjorgen syndrome posses an increase risk for

A

B cell lymphoma in the parotid gland

MALT lymphoma

35
Q

Sjorgen syndrome characterized by the presence of which Ab?

A

Anti Nuclear Ab

Antiribonucleoprotein Ab

36
Q

Antiribonucleoprotein Ab present in Sjorgen syndrome

A

SS-A (Anti-Ro)

SS-B (Anti-La)

37
Q

Scleroderma=

A

Autoimmune tissue damage with activation of fibroblasts and deposition of collagen (Fibrosis)

Systemic sclerosis!!

38
Q

Scleroderma is devided into 2

A

Diffused

Localized

39
Q

Diffused Scleroderma=

A

Skin and early visceral involvment

40
Q

Which organ is usually affected by Diffused Scleroderma

A

Esophagus

41
Q

Diffused Scleroderma is characterized by which Ab

A

Anti Nuclear Ab

Anti-DNA (Scl-70)

42
Q

Localized Scleroderma=

A

Local skin and late visceral involvment

43
Q

Localized Scleroderma is associated with what mnemonic syndrome

A

CREST

Calcinosis cutis
Raynaud phenomenon
Esophagus dysmotility
Sclerodactyly
Telangietasia
44
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis=

A

Chronic, systemic autoimmune disease

45
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with what genetics?

A

HLA-DR4

46
Q

Hallmark of Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Synovitis

47
Q

Synovitis leads to

A

Pannus= inflamed granulation tissue

48
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis leads to destruction of

A

Cartilage

49
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis leads to destruction of Cartilage and

A

ankylosis= fusion of joints

50
Q

Clinical features of Rheumatoid arthritis

A 
Arthritis with morning stiffness that improves with activity
Fever
Vasculitis
Baker cyst
Pleural effusion
51
Q

Which fingers joints are involved in Rheumatoid arthritis?

A

PIP

52
Q

Laboratory findings in Rheumatoid arthritis

A

IgM Ab against Fc region of IgG (Rheumatoid factor)

53
Q

What is Rheumatoid factor

A

Antibody against the Fc portion of IgG

SN Pathology final (13 decks)

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