A. IV Flashcards
Edema=
Increased in interstitial fluid
Edema is laso known as
Transudate and Exudate
Frank Starling law (4)
- Increased Intravascular hydrostatic preasure
- Decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressure
- Lymphatic obstruction
- Salt and water retention
Some examples of edema
Cerebral
Pulmonary
Lymphedema
Elephantiasis
What kind of hyperemia is caused by problems in venous circulation?
Passive hyperemia
Dilation of venous can be (2)
Systemic
Local
Thrombosis=
Coagulation of blood within vessels or heart chambers
Virchow’s triad=
Blood stasis
Hypercoagulability
Endothelial injury
Hypercoagulability can be _________ and ______
Primary
Secondary
Primary Hypercoagulability=
Genetics, like factor 5 Laiden mutation
Secondary Hypercoagulability=
Aquired! Smoking Obesity Drugs Pregnancy
Classification of thrombosis (4)
Arterial
Venous
Heart chamber
Fibrin (Hylaine thrombi)
What is known as white thrombi?
Arterial thrombi
What is known as red thrombi?
Venous thrombi
Venous thrombi is caused by (2)
Stasis
Thrombophlebitis
What is Embolism?
Detached intravascular gaseous, liquid or solid mass carried by blood from its site of origin to another site
Types of embolism
Pulmonary thromboembolism
Systemic thromboembolism
Fat embolism
Air embolism
Pulmonary thromboembolism originates most commonly from
DVT of lower extremities
Systemic thromboembolism most commonly originates from
Mural thrombi within heart chambers
Rest from aortic atherosclerosis…
Fat embolism can occurs after
Long bone fracturing
Fat embolism leads to
Respiratory distress
Neurological symptoms
Anemia
Types of shock (6)
Cardiogenic Hypovolemic Septic Neurologic Anaphylactic (HSN type I) Endocrine
Shock=
Systemic hypoperfusion of tissues (cellular hypoxia)
Causes for cardiogenic shock
Infarction
Arrhythmias
Cardiac temponade
Pulmonary embolism
Septic shock mechanism
Aterial vasodilation and venous blood pooling
Most common cause of septic shock
Gram positive bacteria
Stages of shock (3)
Non progressive (reflex mechanism)
Progressive (hypoperfusion)
Irreversible (Tissue injury)
DIC means
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
DIC=
Sudden onset of widespread thrombosis within the microcirculation
Thrombotic disorder can evolve into a
Bleeding catastrophe
Due to consumption of fibrinolytic…
Possible causes of DIC
Cancer
Pregnancy
Infection
Tissue injury
What plays a role in the development of DIC in septic conditions
And how
TF
TF binds VII and forms the extrinsic pathway
Symptoms of shock
Decresed blood preasure Tachycardia Tachypnea Vold skin Cyanosis Endothelial damage
