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PMCOL 305 > Brain Neuroplasticity and Drug Abuse > Flashcards

Brain Neuroplasticity and Drug Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

what circuit is the main target for drugs of abuse

A

striatolimbic reward circuit

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2
Q

what are the 3 areas linked by the striatolimbic reward circuit

A

VTA, NAc and ventral pallidum

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3
Q

what are the NAc, VTA and ventral pallidum linked via

A

medial forebrain bundle

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4
Q

describe the striatolimbic reward circuit

A
  1. descending myelinated, glutamate driven from anterior bed nuclei to VTA
  2. ascending dopaminergic VTA to NAc
  3. GABA/substance P/ enkephalinergic from NAc to ventral pallidum
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5
Q

what do all addictive drugs do?

A

increase dopamine levels in the NAc

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6
Q

Cocaine, amphetamine, ecstasy mechanism of increasing dopamine levels

A

inhibit dopamine reuptake in the NAc

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7
Q

how does nicotine increase dopamine levels in the NAc`

A

depolarizes VTA dopaminergic neurons

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8
Q

how do opioids, GHB, benzos, and cannqbinoids increase dopamine levels in the NAc

A

hyperpolaize VTA GABAergic interneurons

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9
Q

Where is the NAc located

A

basal forebrain striatim

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10
Q

where is VTA located

A

midbrain

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11
Q

where is the PFC llcated

A

frontal love, extends into medial regions

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12
Q

where is the hippocampus located

A

para-saggital plane, caudal amygdala

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13
Q

where is the locus coeruleus located

A

dorsal pons

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14
Q

where is the raphe nuclei located

A

dorsal medulla oblongata

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15
Q

what is the NAc

A

pleasure centre, motivation, cognitivie processing of aversion

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16
Q

where does the NAc have recipirocal projections to

A

VTA, hippo, amy PFC bg

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17
Q

what projections from the NAc are responsible for pleasure planning and inhibiton

A

bg, brainstem, PFC

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18
Q

which area is the interface between the limbic and motor systems

A

NAc

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19
Q

wHAT does the VTA do?

A

cognition, motivation, locomotor behavior

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20
Q

which area of the brain is the main driver of rewarding feelingd

A

VTA

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21
Q

which areas does the VTA have reciprocal projections to

A

NAc, amy, RN, PFC, basal gangglia

22
Q

what is the PFC functions

A

self-awarenessm planning, problem solving, personality, social behavior

23
Q

what projection expressed behaviors trained by chronic drug use?

A

PFC -> VTA + amygdala

24
Q

reciprocal connections in the PFC are associated with

A

ateention action cognition

25
Q

disfuction of the PFC is associated with

A

bipolar, schizo

26
Q

what is the hippocampus used for

A

memory formation, processing

27
Q

which area of the brain conttains neuronal stem cells

A

hippo

28
Q

how do drugs of abuse affect neuronal stem cells

A

suppression

29
Q

which projections modulate plasticity and learning/memory

A

VTA -> HIPPOCAMPUS

30
Q

WHAT is the main funtion of the amygdala

A

emotions, fear, pleasure, learning memory, arousal, sress

31
Q

amy -> PFC connections are disrupted by

A

chronic drug use

32
Q

what does the basolateral amy do? how?

A

permits emotional regulations, medial PFC

33
Q

what is the CN responsible for

A

VOLUNTARY movement, learning, memory, sleep PAIN

34
Q

WHERE do drugs accumulate and bind trasnporters

A

CN`

35
Q

where does the CN have reciprocal connections to

A

VTA NAc hippo, amy

36
Q

which area regulates the sleep-wake cycle

A

LC

37
Q

where does the LC project toV

A

VTA, brainstem, cerebellum, thalamuc, hypothalamus, hippo, amy, basal ganglia, cortex and spine

38
Q

LC-NE afferents are modulated by K opioid receptor activation resulting in

A

stress

39
Q

which area might target a number of withdrawal symtoms

A

LC

40
Q

where does the RN project to

A

hypothalamux, limbic system, braisntem and spine

41
Q

RNnuclei and forebrain projections are targets of…

A

alcohol opioids MDMA and others

42
Q

which projection is impolicated in neuropsychiatric disorders like OCD and ADHD

A

RN –> PFC

43
Q

impulsivity is a result of deficient…

A

frontostriatal “top-down” cognitive control

44
Q

which area is mainly involved in impulsivity

A

dosrolateral prefrtonal

45
Q

what is the state effect?

A

acute and chronic use change brain structure and function

46
Q

what is compulsivity?

A

tendency towards repetitive habitual actions repeated despite adverse consequences

47
Q

which projections are at the core of the reward circuit

A

VTA —> NAc DA-ergic

48
Q

which circuits are at the core of anticipation circuits

A

frontal inputs

49
Q

who coined the term plasticity

A

JERZY KONORSKI 1948

50
Q

`what are the critical neurotransmitters of addiction

A

dopamine and glutamate

51
Q

what is the shift for drug seeking behavior

A

ventral striatum to doral striatum

52
Q

how is addiction triggered?

A

reward circuit activation + neuroplasticity

PMCOL 305 (19 decks)

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