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PMCOL 305 > 13. Methotropics > Flashcards

13. Methotropics Flashcards

1
Q

how are new chemicals identified and used for pharmacological activity

A

extraction, purification, prediction, characterization

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2
Q

what series must new psychoactive chemicals pass?

A

aminal behavior. physiological measures, biochemical analysis

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3
Q

how is caffeine metabolized

A

theobromine, theophylline, paraxanthine

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4
Q

what is a chlorogenic aid

A

induce liver eznymes phase II transferases GST

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5
Q

what is dihydrocaffic acid

A

anti inflammatory with vascular benefits, NO

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6
Q

what is kahweol and cafestrol

A

diterpenes , phase II enzymes, anti-stress, but increase cholesterol

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7
Q

3 medical uses of caffeine

A

respiratory stimulation, asthma, migraines

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8
Q

how is caffeine used as a respiratory stimulatir

A

PDE4 inhibtion, increases cAMP in PrebottC

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9
Q

why is caffeine used for migraines

A

reduce cranial blood flow

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10
Q

why is caffeine used for asthma

A

bronchodilator

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11
Q

what is the most common psychoactive drug

A

caffeine

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12
Q

how is caffeine excreted

A

kidney

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13
Q

does caffeine undergo first pass metabolism

A

no

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14
Q

what are the actions of paraxanthine

A

increases blood glycerol and fatty acids lipolysis

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15
Q

what are the actions of theobromine

A

increase urine, vasocilator

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16
Q

what are the actions of theophylline

A

smooth muscle relaxation, inhibit PDE, increase cAMP

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17
Q

what are the targets of xanthines

A

Adenosine inhibitor, PDE antagonist, Ca and GABA

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18
Q

where are adenosine receptors usually found

A

presynaptic

19
Q

what are the two main adenosine receptor tagrets of caffine

A

A1 and A2a

20
Q

what are the two main adenosine receptor tagrets of caffine

A

A1 and A2a

21
Q

how does A1 work

A

decrease AC, decrease cAMP, decrease NT, reward hippocsampus

22
Q

how does A2A work

A

increase AC, increase cAMP, increase NT, GABA DA-ERGIC

23
Q

what are the common receptor pairs

A

2A2a + 2D2 and A1 +a2a

24
Q

how does low dose vs high dose caffeine affect the heart

A

low = decrease
high= increase

25
Q

which NT are affected by caffeine

A

NE, glu, DA

26
Q

how are longterm users affected in terms of HR and BP

A

less

27
Q

how does caffeine affect the kidney

A

diuretic

28
Q

how does caffeine affects on PDE affect cAMP

A

increase cAMP

29
Q

describe effects on smooth muscle caused by PDE inhibition

A

vasodilation in periphery but central vasocontraction

30
Q

how does caffeine affect ca

A

increase , increase workcapacity by nuscle

31
Q

how is caffeine reinforced

A

DA and Glu in Nac by blocking A1

32
Q

what kind of receptor is A1

A

GI/o

33
Q

describe wakefulness by GABA systerms

A

stimukation of A2a triggers GABA which inhibits wakefulness
caffeine inhibits these GABA

34
Q

describe the relationship between caffeine and parkinsons

A

inverse

35
Q

WHAT ARE the two cyp1a2 polymorphisms

A

1A and 1F

36
Q

which CYP polymorphism is fast vs slow

A

1A is fast, 1F is slow

37
Q

how many copies of fast and slow

A

2 fast, at least one slow

38
Q

who shows the most dose depdent risk of caffeine

A

slow

39
Q

which affects does tolerance develop for

A

CARDIOM, RESP, SLEEP BUT NOT MOOD

40
Q

HOW DOES caffeiune cause osteoporsosis

A

increaed ca elimnination

41
Q

how can adenosine atangonist be anti-depressants

A

regulating synaptic NT

42
Q

what is a nootopric

A

perofmance enhancer

43
Q

HOW DOES caffeine effect memory

A

BDNF and trkb in hippo

44
Q

how is taurine anxiolytic

A

glycine activation and increased IPSP

PMCOL 305 (19 decks)

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