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PMCOL 305 > alcohol > Flashcards

alcohol Flashcards

1
Q

what is toxic to yeast

A

15% ethanol

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2
Q

how much ethanol does 1 oz contain

A

23.3 g

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3
Q

how many ounces are in a standard drink

A

0.6 oz

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4
Q

how does alcohol affect anti diuretic hormone

A

decrease

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5
Q

what causes vasocdilation

A

autonomic brainstem nuclei

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6
Q

how does ethanol affect neuronal activity

A

slows

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7
Q

what are the affected NTs by ethanol

A

GABA Glutamate Dopamin and others

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8
Q

describe the % metabolism of ethanol

A

90% liver
2% excreted
3% stomach
5% other

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9
Q

what kind of kinetics describe ethanol metabolism

A

0 order

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10
Q

how does EtOH cause the spins

A

permeates endolymph and cupula
diffuses out of the cupula first
activates sensory fibres

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11
Q

which pathway is driven by ACh activity

A

septohippocampal

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12
Q

which neurons are susceptible to neuron damage?

A

hippocampal dentate gyrus

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13
Q

what is in antifreeze

A

glycolic and oxalic acid

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14
Q

what does anti freeze cause

A

stupor/ coma hyperventilation/arrythmia/lung edema

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15
Q

what is in methanol

A

formaldehyde and formic acid

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16
Q

how do you treat methanol poisoning ?

A

ethanol fomepizole

17
Q

who proposed lipid theory

A

meyer-overton

18
Q

where must EtOH be applied to increase DA-ergic firing frequency

A

VTA not NAc1

19
Q

which GABA subunits are especially senstivie to EtOH action?

A

sigma

20
Q

where are the glu-ergic inputs to the vta from

A

PFC AND RN

21
Q

WHERE are the GABA-ergic inputs to the vta from?

A

NAc

22
Q

what superfamily do GABA receptors belong to?

A

cys-loop ligand-gated channel

23
Q

what is the makeup of GABA receptors

A

heteropentameric

24
Q

how many possible subunits for GABA

A

19

25
Q

which NR subunits are less sensitive to EtOH

A

NR1/2C

26
Q

how many NR1 splice variants are there in humans

A

8

27
Q

how many different types of NRs are there

A

1 NR1, 4 NR2, 2 NR3

28
Q

where does VTA receive opioidergic input from

A

arcurate nucleus of the hypothalamus

29
Q

what causes phasic firing of VTA to NAc

A

decreased Glu and increased opioid

PMCOL 305 (19 decks)

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