BOOK 100 Flashcards
The ______________ is responsible for the management of all incident operations
Incident Commander
The ____________ reports to the Incident Commander and is responsible for the recon and assessment of hazardous or unsafe situations such as fire behavior changes to assure personnel safety
Safety Officer
The _______________ provides liaison between the media and the Incident Commander, consults with the Incident Commander regarding any constraints on the release of information and prepares press briefings
Public Information Officer (PIO)
The _____________ provides a point of contact for assisting/cooperating agencies and identifies current or potential inter-agency needs
Liaison Officer
The _______________ assists the Incident Commander in planning the overall strategy for containment of the incident
Planning Section Chief
The _______________ shall be activated for major fires or unusual incidents to provide a comprehensive, chronological record of incident activities
Documentation Unit
The _______ company on scene shall be the Fire Attack Team.
First
What is the responsibility of the Fire Attack Team?
To enter the building, determine a safe means of ascent and locate the emergency
Once the Fire Attack Team has found the emergency, the officer must communicate what to the Incident Commander?
The officer must communicate the Location, Nature and Extent of the problem to the Incident Commander
The Division is identified by the _________ on which a company is operating.
Floor Number (i.e. if the company attacks the fire on the 12th floor, that officer would be designated Division 12)
What is a Rapid Intervention Company?
A company or companies designated to standby in a state of readiness to perform a rescue effort of Department members
In a high rise incident, the RIC team is normally assembled and deployed from where?
Normally assembled and deployed from Staging (which is normally located two floors below the fire floor)
The ______________ is a functional position with the responsibility for supervising one or more Rapid Intervention Company(s) assigned to standby for or perform the rescue of firefighters
Rapid Intervention Group Supervisor
The ______________ is a functional position with the responsibility for supervising companies involved in the search and rescue, and the evacuation of building occupants to the ground level
Search Group Supervisor
The ______________ is a functional position with the responsibility of the control and safety of building occupants from the ground level to an assembly level outside of the building.
Evacuation Group Supervisor
The ____________ reports to the Incident Commander/Operations Chief and is responsible for fire suppression and rescue activities within a geographic area, usually a specific floor.
Division Supervisor (Division 15, Division 16, Roof Division, etc.)
A ____________ reports to the Incident Commander/Operations Chief and is responsible for the performance of a specific function, and is not limited to a geographic area
Group Supervisor (Ventilation Group, Salvage Group, Search Group, Elevator Group, etc.)
Staging is normally located where?
Normally located two floors below the fire
If established by the Incident Commander, what is the Elevator Group’s primary responsibility?
To locate and search for unaccounted elevators which may contain building occupants
If needed, a _____________ can be implemented to assist Lobby Control with monitoring and maintaining the buildings built-in fire control, life safety, environmental control, communications and elevator systems
Systems Control Unit
What is the responsibility of the Ground Support Group (formally Stairwell Support)?
The Ground Support Group is responsible for providing transportation for personnel, equipment, and supplies; providing and refilling of SCBA cylinders and maintenance of SCBAs; provide fueling and maintenance of vehicles and portable power equipment and tools; and implementing the ground level traffic/movement plan at the incident including marking safe access routes and zones and coordinates the transport of equipment via the stairwells
Base shall be established a minimum of ____ feet away from the incident structure
200 feet away from the incident structure
The difference between a successful emergency operation which is brought to an early conclusion and one that becomes a protracted effort, often heavily taxing a department’s resources, depends on what?
Depends greatly on actions taken by first arriving companies
What is the normal first alarm assignment for a reported fire in a high rise structure?
- (5) Fire companies consisting of (2) trucks and (3) engines
- (1) airborne Engine company component
- (1) BLS ambulance
- (1) ALS ambulance
- (1) EMS Captain
- (1) Battalion Chief
- A squad company will respond to incidents in specific first-in districts
In a high rise incident, a minimum of a ____-member initial fire attack team shall ascend to the reported floor
Four-member. Two members of this team shall be used as fire attack while the remaining two members standby in the stairwell
In a high rise incident, what is the responsibility of the Second-In Company?
The Second-In Company establishes Lobby Control and the Officer becomes the Incident Commander
Supplying water to the building standpipe system will be the responsibility of the first arriving ____________.
200 Series Engineer, except when the first and second arriving companies are single engine companies. In this case, the Engineer of the second arriving company has the responsibility for water supply
At a high rise incident, plan for early relief (___ to ___ minutes) for fire control personnel.
10 to 15 minutes
The command post should be a safe distance from the building; minimum ____ feet.
Minimum 200 feet
Base should be a safe distance from the building (at least ____ feet) and not in proximity to the command post.
At least 200 feet
The Air Operations Helispot should be at least _____ from the involved building.
1/2 mile
At a high rise incident, helicopters should remain a minimum of ___ feet from the involved building while in flight and away from the Command Post.
Minimum of 500 feet
A Division is a specific _________ area, usually one floor in a high rise incident.
GEOGRAPHIC
At a high rise incident, the ________ determines the means of ascent.
The Captain determines the means of ascent
Who has the ultimate responsibility to authorize (or discontinue) the use of elevators?
The Incident Commander
According to Book 100, the Fire Attack Team shall take what equipment when ascending to the fire?
- Breathing Apparatus
- Portable Radios
- Rotary Saw or Forcible Entry Tools
- Thermal Imaging (Infrared) Camera
- High Rise Hose Packs
- When feasible, the following additional equipment should be taken:
- Portable Spotlight
- Extra Air Bottles
- Portable Extinguisher (mandatory if elevators are used)
If elevators are utilized as a means of ascent, they shall not be taken to a location closer than ____ floors below the reported fire floor or ____ floors below the lowest indicated alarm floor location.
Two floors below the reported fire floor or two floors below the lowest indicated alarm floor location
When more than one company is assigned to rapid intervention operations, who should be assigned as the Rapid Intervention Group Supervisor?
A Battalion Commander
The RIC SCBA Kit is assigned to what resources?
- Truck Companies
- HazMat Squads
- USAR apparatus
The RIC SCBA Kit consists of:
- Nylon bag with sling and carrying handles
- 60 minute air cylinder
- First stage pressure reducer with 10 feet of intermediate pressure hose
- Second stage regulator
- Facepiece
- Pelican
- 150 feet drop bag line
- Flashlight with integrated holder (3 “C” batteries)
The stairwell door to the fire floor should not be opened into the evacuation stairwell when building occupant are present, except __________.
When it necessitates a civilian and/or firefighter rescue
Traditionally, occupant evacuation of the fire floor and the _____ floors above and below has been sufficient.
Two floors above. However, evacuation priorities are determined on specific needs of the incident and conditions within the building
Once occupants have been evacuated, either through self-evacuation or directed by fire service personnel, Police Department assistance should be requested to assist in directing evacuees to a safe location, at a minimum ____ feet from the affected structure.
At a minimum 200 feet from the affected structure
At a high rise incident, the helispot location should be located at least _______ from the incident site.
1/2 mile. This will result in minimum impact on incident operations from the noise and rotor down wash from the aircraft.
Apparatus at Base during a high rise incident should park _________.
Diagonally, so that apparatus can be moved independently
The _______ in company at a high rise incident is responsible for establishing Lobby Control and the Officer becomes the Incident Commander (until relieved by a higher ranking officer)
Second in company
_________ are the most effective means of transporting personnel and equipment aloft in high rise buildings.
Elevators
If needed, a ______________ can be implemented to relieve Lobby Control of the responsibilities associated with monitoring and maintaining the buildings built-in fire control, life safety, HVAC systems, communications and elevator systems.
Systems Control Unit
What is the main responsibility of the Ground Support Unit?
To transport equipment via a stairwell, on a priority basis, from ground level to the Staging floor
The Ground Support Unit should consider ____ member(s) per ____ floor(s) and ____ officer(s) per ____ or ____ members.
One member per two floors and one officer per four or five members
For our purposes, a high rise building is defined as a building which is over ___ in height.
Over 75’ in height, measured from ground level access to the floor level of the highest floor intended for occupant use
What are the two highest priorities during high rise operations?
Fire attack and evacuation
In the event of a high rise fire, the danger to building occupants could develop from ___ sources.
Three sources
1) Occupants could be directly exposed to the actual fire
2) Possibility that a panic could result from the knowledge or belief that a fire is in progress in the building
3) Exposure to smoke and the products of combustion (by far the gravest threat)
High rise buildings in the City are designed with ___-hour fire resistance between floors and around vertical openings. This effectively compartmentalizes each floor and reduces the likelihood of vertical fire spread
Two-hour
The most effective means of saving lives and facilitating rescue in a high rise fire emergency is ____________________.
An aggressive attack on the fire
TRUE OR FALSE: Where possible, separate stairwells should be utilized for emergency personnel access and occupant evacuation
TRUE
Our standard operating guideline will require the use of _____ to indicate the progress of the search, the current location and identity of the searchers, and to prevent duplication of effort.
Chalk. As a search company enters a floor, a large, single, diagonal chalk line and the company designation shall be made on the entry door. When the office suite, or dwelling unit has been searched, a second diagonal line is placed on the door making a large “X”. The door is left closed to minimize smoke and fire spread. When all rooms on the floor have been searched and marked, the company shall complete the “X” along with their company identification on the stairwell door of the floor just searched and move on to the next floor.
For a working fire, relocate occupants from the fire floor and at least ____ floors above and ____ floors below the fire to a safe location, preferable below the fire, to facilitate our operations.
Two floors above and two floors below
In most situations we can provide for occupant safety and Fire Department access by clearing ____ floors
5 floors
What is the definition of “physically challenged?”
Anyone who without the assistance of another person would have difficulty evacuating or relocating to a safe location either inside or outside the building, or slow down the evacuation of other occupants within the building. These individuals should be kept on a list within the Building Emergency Plans
At a high rise fire, the objective of the fire suppression efforts will be to ______, _______, and ________________.
Locate, confine and extinguish the fire
TRUE OR FALSE: The Fire Code requires an interior lock box for Fire Department use.
TRUE. This is usually found at the building’s lobby security post or in the fire control room
What is the safest and most reliable route to the fire floor for the Fire Attack Team at a high rise incident?
Stairwells
___________ stairwells may only service alternate floors, skipping every other floor or exit at the opposite end of the building.
Scissor-type
Stairwell door at high rise incidents are sometimes difficult to identify. Stairwell does can usually be distinguished by other types of doors by _______________ and ________________.
By their double-door width and key cylinder lock
Some stairwell doors are held closed by a magnetic device requiring ___-pound pressure to overcome it. If the key unlocks the door, but it resists opening, give it a hard pull
25-pound
Firefighters in personal protective equipment, breathing apparatus, high-rise hose packs, and forcible entry equipment require approximately _________ per floor to ascend stairs
One-minute
If the fire is reported to be on or below the ___ floor, the stairwell shall be used and firefighters will walk to reach the fire floor.
6th floor
Elevators shall not be taken to, or above, the reported fire floor. If used as a means of ascent, elevators should not be taken closer than ___ floors below the reported fire floor or ___ floors below the lowest alarm activated floor location
Two floors
No more than _____ personnel with equipment is permitted in any elevator. This will prevent exceeding the weight capacity of the elevator.
6 personnel
Attack Team should give an assessment of conditions found in the stairwell every ___ or ___ floors and, if elevators are used, during the precautionary stops every ___ floors
4 or 5 floors; 5 floors
____ floors below the reported fire floor, the attack team should assess that floor’s suitability for Staging. It should be clear of smoke and heat and large enough to accommodate tools, equipment, and the firefighters that may soon occupy it.
Two floors
Once you have identified the fire floor, before opening the stairwell door, what should you do?
You should check the floor above and report your findings to the Incident Commander
What are the three means by which standpipe pressure in a high rise building are controlled?
1) Pressure regulating devices
2) Pressure restricting devices
3) Orifice plates
TRUE OR FALSE: If an orifice plate cannot be removed, lines should not be completely shut off at the nozzle
TRUE. A complete shut off may raise the pressure in the line to the much higher static pressure of the system and could rupture the hose.
What is a center core building? What are some firefighting considerations with these types of buildings?
Center core building design features can include office areas or living areas, which surround a “core” containing stairwells, elevators, and utilities. In firefighting, the fire can “wrap around” in the corridor and suddenly be behind the firefighters operating the hose line. This phenomenon can also occur in a situation where large open areas exist around the core. If the fire attack officer determines that a “wrap around” potential exists, it can be prevented by coordinating two hose lines. One line to attack the fire (offensive), and one line to prevent the fire from wrapping around the core (defensive). The two lines must be carefully coordinated so as to develop a situation of opposing lines.
In high-rise buildings, the area above the ceiling usually serves as the return air ______ for the HVAC systems. This area presents a hidden space, above the level of the sprinkler system effectiveness, where fire can spread undetected
Plenum.
Vertical openings in high rise buildings must have ____-hour fire protection.
Two-hour fire protection
As the temperature of these gases increases, it reaches the flashover point, which may be as low as ____ degrees Fahrenheit
700 degrees Fahrenheit
TRUE OR FALSE: The migration of smoke and toxic combustion products throughout a high-rise building may often present a greater hazard to life and fire fighting efforts than the spread of the fire itself
TRUE
How are smoke patterns within a high rise building usually characterized?
Usually characterized by the movement of air from lower floors to upper floors by way of vertical shafts, poke-through construction, HVAC systems, etc.
What is a “reverse stack effect?”
A “reverse stack effect” is a downward draft and it becomes more pronounced when outside temperatures are higher
Stairshafts in high-rise buildings constructed after _____ are required to employ a shairshaft ventilation system. Pressurization fans, that function when the sprinkler or smoke detector systems are activated, are required to provide a uniform air velocity within each enclosed stairshaft. The fans must provide not less than ___ cubic feet per minute while maintaining a positive pressure of not over ___ lbs on interior doors.
1974; 50 cubic feet per minute while maintaining a positive pressure of not over 25 lbs on interior doors
Most high-rise buildings can be classified as “______________”
Sealed buildings (external glass panels are not openable)
The pressure generated by a fire can be up to ____ times atmospheric pressure.
Up to 3 times atmospheric pressure
What is the difference between Stratification and Mushrooming?
Stratification of smoke and fire gases occurs as heat and smoke travel vertically within a building. These products of combustion will rise through any available vertical opening, cooling as they rise, until the temperature is equal to the temperature of the surrounding air. When stabilization of the temperature occurs, smoke and fire gases will form layers or clouds within the building. This stratification of smoke and fire gases generally serve as a “lid” for other products of combustion which will tend to bank down below the stratified smoke and horizontally spread to other portions of the building
Mushrooming is a condition caused by smoke and fire gases that cannot vertically escape a building. Smoke and fire gases will rise to the highest level possible and then begin to bank down and fill all available spaces
In the City of Los Angeles, windows in exterior walls that can be used for the removal of heat and smoke are required as follows:
- Pre-60: Openable windows
- 60-74: Tempered glass on at least two sides of the building (At corners, and at 50’ intervals or less)
- Post-74: Tempered glass on four sides of the building (At corners, and at 50’ intervals or less)
Tempered glass windows are identified by __-inch luminous or reflective decals in a lower corner which indicate they are “For Fire Department Use.”
3-inch luminous or reflective decal
In post-1996 high rise buildings, the requirement of Smoke Control Systems eliminated the requirement of __________________.
Eliminated the requirement of the installation of tempered glass
TRUE OR FALSE: Unless the HVAC system is contributing to the spread of fire or smoke throughout the building, it should be left in the on (operating) position unless it is detrimental to fire suppression operations or resulting in the migration of smoke throughout the building
TRUE
The natural movement of air is almost always _______.
Upward. Warm air normally rises and cool air descends
The natural air flow within building stairshafts is virtually static in buildings up to ___ stories
25 stories
In stairshafts that open to the exterior of a building a provide roof access, natural vertical air currents of ____ to ____ mph, that flow upward in stairshafts, can be created by simply opening a door at the bottom and roof levels of a stairshaft.
3 to 6 mph
Water turbine blowers produce significantly less noise and will provide more than _______ the cubic feet of air per minute that a like-sized gasoline powered blower
Twice
High-rise buildings constructed after 1974 are required to employ an emergency smoke control system that is comprised of the following components:
- Pressurized stairshaft
- Mechanical Smoke Removal System
- Tempered Glass or Openable Windows
When using portable blowers at a high rise incident, regardless of the size of the blower, it should be placed ____ to ____ feet back from the doorway and angled back at least _____.
4 to 6 feet back; angled back at least 5 degrees
Blowers placed in a _________ are more effective than blowers placed in series.
V-shape
TRUE OR FALSE: When attempting to pressurize a tall stairwell, portable fans at the base of the stairwell or at a ground level entrance alone will not be effective.
TRUE. Placing portable fans inside the building below the fire floor is a way to generate pressure differentials to increase the effectiveness of positive pressure in tall buildings
If windows must opened/broken for ventilation purposes, utilize the windows on the _______ side of the building, if possible
Leeward
Cross ventilation operations are effective up to ___ floors in a high rise building.
25 floors. If it is necessary to cross ventilate floors above the 25th floor, it may be necessary to utilize an additional blower in the pressurized stairshaft to supply additional pressurized air to the floor to be ventilated
Title ___ of the California Administrative Code provides requirements for the operation of elevators under fire and emergency conditions
Title 24
What does Title 24 of the California Administrative Code require?
- Designated Recall Area
- Smoke Detectors
- Elevator Emergency Service (Recall or Recall/Override capability)
Automatic elevators having a total travel of more than ___ feet (or more than ___ feet, if new after October 6, 1975) may be recalled to the lobby by sensing devices (smoke detectors) or by a three-position key operated “Emergency Service” switch in the lobby.
50 feet; 25 feet
All automatic elevators having a travel of ___ feet or more above the lowest grade level may be recalled to the lobby by smoke detectors or by a three-position key operated “Emergency Service” switch in the lobby.
70 feet
Elevator ascent during investigations or firefighting operations shall only be used when the reported location is ______________.
Above the 6th floor
Elevators shall not be taken directly to, or above the fire floor. If used as a means of ascent, elevators should not be taken closer than ___ floors below the reported fire floor or ___ floors below the lowest indicated alarm floor location.
Two floors
If the building is equipped with split bank elevators, do not use an elevator that services the fire floor if a lower bank of elevators reaches within ___ floors of the fire floor
5 floors
TRUE OR FALSE: Elevators that travel through a “blind shaft” should be avoided whenever possible
TRUE
The Fire Attack Team shall consist of a minimum of ___ members.
4 members
No more than ___ personnel, with required equipment, shall be permitted in any one elevator at a time during Phase II operations
6 personnel
Personnel utilizing the elevator for ascent shall make precautionary stops every ___ floors in order to test and confirm that the elevator is properly operating in the Phase II mode
5 floors
TRUE OR FALSE: The lobby “Emergency Service” switch shall be turned to “ON” even if the cars have already been returned to the lobby floor in response to the activation of a smoke detector
TRUE
If equipped, what does the “BYPASS” position used for?
It is used during an incident to place the elevators in operation on a temporary basis when the entire building has been deemed safe for normal use, but there is still enough residual smoke to actuate the detector or detectors are malfunctioning. The key IS NOT removable in the “BYPASS” position
If a “Door Close” button is not provided during Phase II Emergency Override, ________________ will serve to close the doors.
Continuous pressure on the desired floor button
Elevators installed after _____________ must have a separate “Call Cancel” button for use by emergency personnel.
October 15, 1985
TRUE OR FALSE: If even the slightest amount of smoke or water is visible in the hoistway, the elevator shall not be used
TRUE
Prior to 1960, there was a height limit on buildings of ___’, or approximately ___ stories. This height limit was mainly due to the threat of earthquakes.
150’; 13 stories
Firefighting water systems in pre-1960 buildings consisted of what?
- Dry Standpipes
- Interior Wet Standpipes
- Sprinklered Basements
Dry Standpipe Outlets are located based on the requirement that every point within the structure must be reachable by a ___’ stream of water from a nozzle attached to ____’ of hose.
30’ stream of water from a nozzle attached to 100’ of hose.
In ____, height restrictions were removed from buildings constructed in the City of Los Angeles
1960
Buildings built after 1960 that exceeded 150’ in height (High-Rise) are required to have __________ Standpipe Systems
Combination Standpipe System
In a Combination Standpipe System, the 2-1/2” system for Firer Department use may have 100’ of single-jacketed, unlined 2-1/2” hose with a 1” tip attached to 2-1/2” outlets on each floor above the ____ floor
Above the 5th floor
What is the purpose of Jockey Pumps?
Normally installed to make up minor leakage rates in system pressure. They prevent the fire pump from continually starting and stopping due to minor fluctuations in the system pressure
Combination Standpipe Risers are __” and must flow 1000 g.p.m. per riser. They will have ____ inlets at the FDC (250 g.p.m. per inlet) or if three or more standpipe risers, ____ inlets. A flow of 300 g.p.m. is required at each 2-1/2” outlet.
6”; 4 inlets; 6 inlets
Orifice plates are a heavy gauge metal washer-like device which restricts the flow by restricting the size of the opening, thereby reducing the pressure when flowing. They are calibrated to supply ____ gpm at ___ psi through 100’ of 2-1/2” hose with a 1” tip.
200 rpm at 45 psi
In 1974, there was a major change in the requirements for firefighting water systems in high-rise buildings. The 150’ requirement for high-rise buildings was reduced to buildings over ___’ in height
75’. The current definition of a high-rise building is any building over 75’ in height, measured to the floor of the top floor level designed for occupant use, from the lowest level of Fire Department access
Buildings built after 1974, exceeding 150’ in height, will have a ______________ System which is directly connected to a water supply and is equipped with 2-1/2” outlets for use by the Fire Department
Combined Sprinkler-Standpipe
TRUE OR FALSE: In 1974, the major change in the Building Code required buildings over 75’ to be fully sprinklered
TRUE. The supply for the sprinklers is the riser(s) in the stairshafts
Looped Systems may be found in high rises built after 1974 except during the years _____ to _____.
1983 to 1988. During these years you will find that sprinklers are supplied by only one riser
Pressure Regulating Devices are required to be used on any standpipe outlet where the static pressure exceeds _____ psi.
150 psi
By policy, Fire Department inspectors are having the Pressure Regulating Device set at ____ psi flowing ____ gpm.
100 psi flowing 300 gpm
Pressure Restricting Devices are found when static pressures are between ____ and ____ psi
135 and 150 psi. Pressure Restricting Devices are mechanical and limits how far the valve can be opened, thereby reducing the flow and psi
What is the requirement for on-site water supply for a post-1974 building over 75’ but not exceeding 150’ in height?
On-site water supply must supply the calculated sprinkler fire flow requirements of the most demanding rectangular area of the building for 30 minutes, plus an additional 100 gpm for the total standpipe
What is the requirement for on-site water supply for a post-1974 building over 150’ but not exceeding 275’ in height?
On-site water supplies are calculated on the standpipe demand and the sprinkler demand is ignored. The standpipe requirements are 500 gpm for the first riser plus 250 gpm for each additional riser, for 30 minutes
What is the requirement for on-site water supply for a post-1974 building exceeding 275’?
The minimum amount of water in the on-site water tank is 45,000 gallons. This increases as the area and or hazards of the building increase and can be up to a maximum of 105,000 gallons in a larger high rise
What are the filling requirement of an on-site water tank?
- Minimum 2” diameter pipe adequate to fill the tank in not more than 12 hours from the main water supply system
- After 1983, a 6” pipe to fill it in 8 hours
A building under construction, six or more stories in height shall be provided with not less than ____ standpipe(s) for use during construction.
One standpipe. Such standpipe shall be installed when the progress of construction is not more than 50’ in height above grade. Such standpipe shall be provided with a 2-1/2” outlet on each floor adjacent to usable stairs. Such standpipe system shall be extended as construction progresses to within one floor of the highest point of construction having secure decking or flooring
TRUE OR FALSE: Where construction height requires installation of a Combination Standpipe (exceeds 150’ in height), fire pumps and water main connections shall be provided to serve the standpipe
TRUE
The purpose of test valves is to permit a periodic test of the building fire pump which is required to pump ____% of its rated capacity.
150%
The test valves can be identified by ____________
Their male threads. FDC’s will always have female threads
A jockey pump should be sized to make up the allowable hourly leakage rate within ___ minutes, or ___ gpm, whichever is larger
10 minutes; 1 gpm
The jockey pump should be set to operate at a pressure of
___ to __ psi higher than the main pumps starting pressure
5 to 10 psi
There shall be a minimum __-hour (new high-rise post 1974) and __-hour (existing high-rise -1960 through 1974) supply of fuel.
8-hour; 4-hour
A _________ pressure switch will start the engine when there is a drop in the water line pressure. The policy in Los Angeles for the STOP pressure is set ___ psi below system pressure and the START pressure is set ___ psi below the system pressure.
Mercoid pressure switch; 10 psi; 50 psi
Fire pumps are required to pump ____% of rated capacity and at a pressure of not less than ___% of its rated pressure for a minimum of ___ minutes.
150%; 65%; 15 minutes
Vane type water flow switches are used on wet sprinkler systems to detect water flow. In high-rise structures they will be found in the stairshafts where the sprinkler pipe comes off the standpipe. The minimum flow rate for alarm is ___ to ___ gpm (equal to one sprinkler head) and operates in ___ to ___ seconds
4 to 10 gpm; 20 to 60 seconds
A 2”-line at 200 g.p.m. adds _____ pounds per minute. A 2-1/2”-line at 325 g.p.m. adds nearly _____ pounds per minute.
1,670 pounds; 2,800 pounds
The following minimum helicopter response times from the Van Nuys Airport are:
- Downtown Area: ______
- San Fernando Valley: ______
- West Los Angeles: ______
- Harbor Area: ______
- Downtown Area: 10-12 minutes
- San Fernando Valley: 5-7 minutes
- West Los Angeles: 10 minutes
- Harbor Area: 20 minutes
Normally, helicopters should remain approximately ____’ from the involved building while in flight. The helispot location should be located at least _________ from the incident site
500’; One-half mile
If air evacuation of people from a high-rise fire is necessary, one of these two basic methods can be used.
- If the people are on the roof where helicopters can land, they can be loaded directly into the helicopter for transportation to a heliport
- A hoist rescue
A hoist may be used when the people to be rescued are trapped on a balcony or on a roof without a landing area. Hoist rescues are limited to ____’ or approximately ___ stories below the roof.
250’ or approximately 20 stories
When waiting to load and/or board a Department helicopter, personnel shall form a single line at least ___‘ from the aircraft, toward the front side, in full view of the pilot at all times.
50’
Personnel shall carry long-handled tools and equipment __________ when approaching or leaving helicopters
Horizontally
TRUE OR FALSE: A “High-rise Building” is defined as a building which is over 75‘ in height measured from ground level access to the floor level of the highest floor intended for occupant use, NOT to the actual height of the building.
TRUE
What are the two exceptions to the 150’ maximum height for pre-60 buildings?
1) Los Angeles City Hall
2) USC-LA County General Hospital
All high-rise buildings are of Type ___ Construction.
Type I Construction
What is Type I Construction?
Type I (Fire Resistive) construction is that type of construction in which the structural members, including walls, columns, beams, floors and roofs are of non-combustible or limited combustible materials, and are required to have varying fire-resistive rating depending on their usage
The Type I building is designed to withstand the most severe fire to be expected within the building for ___ or more hours without structural failure
2 or more
Each new high-rise (Post-74) is required to maintain a _______ rated Fire Control Room previously known as the building control station, in an approved location (usually the ground floor)
One-hour
Most new high-rise buildings have an Emergency Helicopter Landing Facility on the roof. The number inside the ___’ by ___’ pad identifies the load capacity of the pad in _______________.
50’ x 50’; Load capacity in the thousands of pounds (ex: 10 indicates 10,000 pounds)
As a result of the First Interstate Bank Building Fire in May _____, a Retrofit Sprinkler Ordinance was passed in August of _____ requiring installation of fire sprinklers in all existing high-rise office buildings
1988
In sealed buildings, breakable tempered glass windows on the perimeter of the building every ____ linear feet with ___ square foot opening. These are supposed to be identified by ___-inch minimum luminous or reflective Decals in a lower corner which indicates they are “tempered glass”
50 linear feet with 20 square foot opening; 2-inch minimum
What is required on the Floor Level Numbering Sign?
- Floor Level
- Stair Number
- Floors served by the stairwell
- Whether the stairwell has roof access
___________________ systems are usually used to protect computers and other high-value equipment
Halon 1301 total flooding
With Halon 1301 total flooding systems, _____ or more percent of the volume of the room will be composed of halon gas.
5 or more percent
Halon will decompose into toxic gases, principally phosgene, if permitted to heat to approximately _____ degrees Fahrenheit
900 degrees Fahrenheit
After a knockdown has been declared, the primary goal for an Incident Commander are:
- Develop Cause Determination
- Develop a Demobilization Plan
- Develop an Overhaul Plan
- Develop a Re-entry/Re-housing plan
