Bony Fishes - Distributon and Ecology Flashcards
habitat of bony fishes
almost every body of water
% of fishes living in marine environ.
58%
% of fishes living in freshwater
42%
examples of endemic bony fish
- sinarapan
- pait
- schoppe’s barb
- twocoat coralblenny
causes of migration
- food and habitat availability
- reproduction
- environmental cycles
- temperature change
migrate between fresh and marine environments
diadromous
types of diadromy
- anadromous fish
- catadromous fish
- amphidromous fish
hatch in freshwater, migrate to ocean to grow and mature, return to freshwater to spawn
anadromous fish
fish hatch in saltwater, migrate to freshwater to grow and mature, return to saltwater to spawn
catadromous fish
migrate between freshwater and saltwater, but not for spawning
amphidromous fish
how individauls of the same species interact
intraspecific interactions
establish and defend territories to secure resources such as food, mating sites, and shelter.
Territoriality
exhibit diverse mating behaviors, including courtship displays and spawning aggregations.
Mating and Reproduction
ex of parental care
- protect young from predators
- guarding nests
- fanning eggs to provide oxygen
- mouth brooding
benefits of fish schooling
- enhanced foraging efficiency
- predatory avoidance
- improved hydrodynamics
ex of predatory fish
- groupers
- snappers
ex of mutalism
cleaner fish removes parasite from larger fish
life history of fishes
- eggs
- larvae
- juveniles
- adults
provides nourishment in eggs
yolk sac
resemble adult fish but are not sexually mature
juveniles
behavior of adult fish
- migration
- courtship
- spawning
ecological roles
- nutrient cycling
- ecosystem engineers
- symbiosis
- bioindicators
ex of ecosystem enginner fishes
- parrotfish scrape algae
- burrowing fish burrows into sediment, creating hiding place for other species
human impacts
- overfishing
- habitat destruction
- pollution
- climate change
- introduction of invasive species
- aquaculture
