Bones Are Alive And Adaptable

Question 1

What 3 things do bones do?

Answer 1

Growth
Repair (macro damage; micro damage)
Remodel

Question 2

Wolff’s law

Answer 2

Bone grows or remodels in response to the demands placed on it

Question 3

What are the 3 “loading: activity level”?

Answer 3

Unloading
Compressional loading
Tensile loading

Question 4

What are 2 other things taken into consideration for bone remodeling?

Answer 4

Age
Hormones

Question 5

The bone remodeling process depends on _________ of bone, not ____________.

Answer 5

Quantity; composition

Question 6

Resorption

Answer 6

Removing bone

Question 7

What are the 3 steps so bone is remodeled through resorption?

Answer 7

Bone is unloaded
Needs to be repaired
Osetoclasts

Question 8

Deposition

Answer 8

Adding bone

Question 9

What are the 2 steps in bone remodeling through deposition?

Answer 9

Bone is loaded
Osteoblasts

Question 10

Unloading

Answer 10

Decrease bone mass

Question 11

Compressional loading

Answer 11

Increase mass; increase cross-sectional area

Question 12

Tensile loading

Answer 12

Increase mass at bony attachment site (ex. For femur: tubercles, tuberosities, and lines)

Question 13

Combined compression and tension

Answer 13

Bending moments created compression and tension

Question 14

Age: early life, fetal-25 years

Answer 14

Resorption < deposition

Question 15

Age: Mid-life, 25-50 years

Answer 15

Resorption = deposition

Question 16

Age: late life, 50+ years

Answer 16

Resorption > deposition

Question 17

What is does the parathormone/parathyroid hormone do?

Answer 17

Detects and reacts to drop in blood calcium level; On parathyroid gland

Question 18

Steps of the parathormone:
1. ________ level in blood drops
2. ___________ parathormone released from __________ gland
3. __________ begin resorption of bone
4. ______ constituents released into blood
5. Blood __________ level rises

Answer 18

Calcium
Increased; parathyroid
Osteoclasts
Bony
Calcium

Question 19

What are the 2 main functions of estrogen and androgen?

Answer 19

Inhibit osteoclasts
Promote new bone deposition

Question 20

This is when estrogen secretions decrease in women.

Answer 20

Menopause

Question 21

Osteoporosis: bone mass _______ as bone resorption _________ bone deposition.

Answer 21

Declines; outpaces

Question 22

Calcium, Vitamin D, weight-bearing exercises, and hormone replacement therapy are all treatments to what?

Answer 22

Osteoporosis