bones and calcium Flashcards
name some bisphosphonates
Alendronic acid
Risedronate
Zoledronic acid
what does alendronate attatch onto
hydroxyapatite crystals on the surface of bone
alendronate moa
interferes with osteoclast ruffled border so osteoclast’s cant adhere to bone and produce the protons needed for continued resorption. promote osteoclast apoptosis while inhibiting the apoptosis of bone-forming osteoblast cells.
important side effects of alendronate
osteonecrosis of the jaw
oesophagitis and stricture formation
how should you take alendronate
stood or sat up
alendronate nitrogen? generation?
nitrogen-containing, second generation
alendronate acts as an analogue of what
isoprenoid diphosphate lipids
alendronate inhibits
farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) synthase
what does isoprenoid diphosphate lipids do
inhibits farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) synthase
what signalling molecules does alendronate prevent
Rho and Rac
Risedronate acts as an analogue of
isoprenoid diphosphate lipids
Risedronate inhibits
FPP synthase
what pathway is FPP synthase involved in
melavonate
oral calcium supplement
Calcichew®
paraentral calcium salts
Calcium gluconate (Parenteral - IV) Calcium chloride (Parenteral - IV)
where is most of the calcium in the body
as hydroxyapetite in bone 99%
what is Alfacalcidol
active metabolite of vit D
where and how is Alfacalcidol activated
enzyme 25-hydroxylase in the liver
how does calcitriol increase calcium
increasing GI absorption
increasing osteoclastic resorption
increasing distal renal tubular reabsorption
what is the active form of vitamin D 3
calcitriol
what does the active form of D3 bind to
intracellular receptors that then function as transcription factors
what receptor does vitamin D3 form a complex with
retinoid-X receptor
