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Hema 2 > Bone Marrow > Flashcards

Bone Marrow Flashcards

1
Q

Toon need in bm aspiration

A

Jemshidi trephine and salah aspuration needle

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2
Q

Bone marrow in acute keukemia

A

Necessary for diagnosis
Usefuk for determining type
Useful for prognosis

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3
Q

Acute leukemia are defined by the presence of

A

Dec 20% blast in BM % of nucleated cells

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4
Q

Bm aspirate and trephine

A

Hypercellular
Blast dec 20%
Presemce of auer rods which AML type

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5
Q

Stains are to differentiate

A

AML And ALL

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6
Q

What stains posituve in AML

A

Sudan black and myeloperoxidase

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7
Q

Wbc cyt in aml can be

A

High, normal or low

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8
Q

Median wbc count in amo

A

15,000 ul

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9
Q

20000 of patients have

A

More than100,000ul

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10
Q

25-40% of pts in aml have

A

Less than 5000 ul

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11
Q

95% patients in aml have

A

Blast cells in blood smear

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12
Q

Distinguishing aml from allf

A

Light microscopy
Flow cytometry
Special stains

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13
Q

In light microscopy AML has

A

Auer rods, cytoplasmic granules

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14
Q

In light microscopy ALL has

A

No auer rods and granules

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15
Q

This has been useful tool in differentiating hematopoietic dse

A

Cytochemical staining of cells

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16
Q

Smears and imprints made from wht preferred

A

Bm, lymph node, spleen, peripheral blood

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17
Q

In enzaymatic technique this is used for ensure optimal enzyme activity

A

Fresh smear

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18
Q

Reacts with peroxide and release oxygen which oxidizes tte indicator dye and produce what color of granules

A

Speroxidase enzyme orange brown

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19
Q

Indicator dye of mpo

A

3 amino 9 erythrocarbazol

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20
Q

Enzyme mpx is found in the 1st granules of

A

Granulocyte, neutro, promyelocyte and eosino

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21
Q

In mox this may be weakly pos

A

Monocyte

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22
Q

Usualky positive and auer rods stain very strong

A

Leukemic myeloblast

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23
Q

Used to diff aml + and all -

A

Myeloperoxidase

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24
Q

Used for control slides promyelocyte-neutro

A

Normal bm smear less than 5yo

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25
Q

Color of myeloperoxidase

A

Brown black deposits

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26
Q

Formula of mpo

A

P-phenylene diamine + catecol+ h202

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27
Q

Color of chloroacetate esterase

A

Red deposit

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28
Q

Naphtol asd chloroacetate stable in

A

Diazonium salt fast corinth

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29
Q

Liberates alpha naphthyl from substrate alpha napthyl acetate

A

Non specific esterase

30
Q

Couple dye molecule to form what color

A

Alpha naphthyl reddish brown

31
Q

Nse pos in

A

Monicyte, monoblast, macrophages, histiocytes,nmegakaryocytes

32
Q

Strongly pos in nse

A

Abnormal erythroblast

33
Q

Neg or may show dot positive in nse

A

Lymphocytes

34
Q

Chloroacetate specific esterase

A

Myeloid cell line

35
Q

Non specific esterase is

A

Monocyte line

36
Q

Alpha naphthyl acetate stable in

A

Diazonium salt fast blue

37
Q

Alpha naphthyl acetate colo

A

Brown

38
Q

Ysed to diff myelomonocytic and monocytic leukemia + from granulocytic leukemia -

A

Nse

39
Q

Monocyte nse are

A

Flouride sensitive

40
Q

Used for control slides of nse

A

Appreciable number of monocytes or a normal bm smear

41
Q

OxidiEs glycogen, moo, and other molecular wt carbo to aldehydes

A

PAS

42
Q

This reacts with colorless schiff rgt staining them with what color

A

Aldehyde bright red pink

43
Q

Strongly pos in pas

A

Megakaryoblast and plts

44
Q

Pas will stain pos

A

Normoblast

45
Q

In all show coarse and granular block positivity in pas

A

Lymphoblast

46
Q

Neg in pas

A

Myeloblast

47
Q

Aids in diagnosis of ALL, erythroleukemia, and megakaryoblastic leukemia

A

Pas

48
Q

Pas control slides

A

Normal bm smear

49
Q

Pas is composed of

A

Pas + glycogen

50
Q

Pas oxidized

A

Aldehyde + schiff rgt

51
Q

Schiff rgt is composed of

A

Para rosalind,na metabisulfite

52
Q

To indicate a condition that resembles leukekia

A

Leukemoid leukemia

53
Q

Leukemoid leukemia increase in

A

Wbc, hct, shift to the left,n

54
Q

Leukemoid reaction inc due to

A

Inflammation
Infection
Intoxication
Some tumor

55
Q

A leukemoid reaction describe a high

A

Wbc ct with neutrophilia as infection

56
Q

Wbc count of leukemoid as high as

A

50,000 microl mimic cml or aml

57
Q

This is normal or elevated in leukemoid reaction but is depressed in what dse

A

Alkaline ohosphatase

CML dse

58
Q

The blank in leukemoid leukemia of examined may be hypercellular but othewise typucally unremarkable

A

Bone marrow

59
Q

Features suggesting leumemoid reaction

A

Toxic granulation
High LAP score
Presence of an obvious cause for tye neutrophilia

60
Q

Common dse ass with leukemoid reaction

A

Whooping cough
Chicken poc
Tb
Pneumonia

61
Q

Causes of leukemoid reaction

A 
Hemorrhage
Drugs
Infection
Asplenia
Diabetic leukoacidosis
Organ necrosis
62
Q

Drugs in leukemoid

A

Used of dapsonem glucocorticoids, g-csf and all trans retinoic acid

63
Q

Infection in leukemoid

A 
Clostridium difficile
Tb
Pertusis
Im
Vlm
64
Q

Organ necrosis

A

Inschemic colitis

Hepatic necrosis

65
Q

Diff pf leukemoid reaction to leukemia

A

By leukemoid alkaline phosphatase

66
Q

The cell that demonstrate a normal griwth will show a high alkaline phosphatase activity

A

Leukemoid alkaline phosphatase

67
Q

Color of kaplows found in what

A

Red brown black precipitates neutro and cytoplasm

68
Q

Normal cell of kaplows pos precipitate

A

15-100

69
Q

Abnormal for leukemia in kaplow

A

Less than 15

70
Q

Bone marrow examination

A

Bm aspirate and trepine biopsy

Hema 2 (10 decks)

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