Bone and Calcium Homeostasis Flashcards
_____is the most abundant mineral in bone
Calcium
____is the most abundant mineral in the human body.
calcium
Calcium ions are needed not only for bone mineralization but for tooth health, regulation of the heart rate and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and regulation of nerve impulse conduction.
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The normal level of calcium in the blood is about ____.
10 mg/dL
When the body cannot maintain a normal level of calcium , a person will experience ___ or ____
hypo- or hypercalcemia.
Calcium metabolism or calcium homeostasis is the mechanism by which the body _____calcium levels.
maintains adequate
Derangements of calcium metabolism lead to ____ or _____, both of which can have important consequences for health.
hypercalcemia or hypocalcemia
calcium flow to and from the bone is neutral
T/F
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about ___ mmol of calcium from bone is turned over a day.
five
Bone serves as an important storage point for calcium, as it contains ___% of the total body calcium.
99
Calcium release from bone is regulated by _____ hormone.
parathyroid
_____stimulates incorporation of calcium in bone.
Calcitonin
Hypocalcemia
-A condition characterized by abnormally ___ levels of calcium
-it can have an adverse effect on a number of different body systems including circulation, muscles, nerves, and bone.
T/F
low
T
Without adequate calcium, blood (has difficulty coagulating or over coagulates?) , the heart may ___ or _____ altogether, muscles may have difficulty _____, nerves may have difficulty functioning, and bones may become ____.
has difficulty coagulating
skip beats or stop beating
contracting
brittle
The causes of hypocalcemia can range from ____ to____
hormonal imbalances
an improper diet.