BN Ch.90 Male Reproductive Disorders

Question 1

The twisting of the _________
cord is the actual cause of torsion of the testicle.

Answer 1

Spermatic

Question 2

Inflammation of the epididymis is called __________.

Answer 2

Epididymitis

Question 3

The condition of enlargement of the prostate gland is called benign prostatic ___________.

Answer 3

Hyperplasia

Question 4

The condition of painful voiding is called _________.

Answer 4

Dysuria

Question 5

Inflammation of the rectum and anus is
called __________.

Answer 5

Proctitis

Question 6

Stitching the folds in the hydrocele wall to reduce its size

Answer 6

Plication

Question 7

Fixation of the testes to the scrotal sac

Answer 7

Orchiopexy

Question 8

Removal of the testicle

Answer 8

Orchiectomy

Question 9

Write the correct sequence of steps that occur during a suprapubic prostatectomy.

1. The enlarged prostate gland is removed.
2. A cystostomy is performed to relieve urinary retention.
3. The catheters are attached to two separate drainage containers.
4. One catheter is placed in the urethra and the other in the suprapubic wound.

Answer 9

2. A cystostomy is performed to relieve urinary retention.
3. The enlarged prostate gland is removed.
4. One catheter is placed in the urethra and the other in the suprapubic wound.
5. The catheters are attached to two separate drainage containers.

Question 10

What are the various nursing diagnoses that can be established for a male client with a reproductive disorder?

Answer 10

The following nursing diagnoses can be established for a male client with a reproductive disorder:

• Impaired urinary elimination related to:
  
  • Bladder outlet obstruction Surgical trauma
  • Postoperative incontinence
• Urinary retention related to bladder outlet obstruction
• Impaired tissue integrity related to prostatic disorders or radiation therapy
• Sexual dysfunction related to erectile dysfunction
• Medications;
• Altered body image
• Effects of radiation therapy, chemotherapy
• Hormonal Therapy
• Surgical therapies
• Ineffective sexuality patterns related to erectile dysfunction
• Structural defects
• Infections
• Surgical trauma
• Situational low self-esteem related to erectile dysfunction or incontinence
• Fear related to poor prognosis
• Deficient knowledge about testicular self-examination

Question 11

What is the purpose of giving a prostate-
specific antigen (PSA) test?

Answer 11

• The PSA test is a blood test that helps in the detection of a glycoprotein found only in the tissue of the prostate gland.
• The level of the antigen can be elevated in prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and adenocarcinoma.
• PSA is combined with a rectal examination for the early detection of prostate cancer.
• The free PSA is a simple blood test that determines the percentage of free PSA in the overall PSA.
• Free PSA is commonly used to determine whether an elevated PSA level is caused by BPH or by prostate cancer.

Question 12

What are intraurethral suppositories?

Answer 12

• Intraurethral suppositories are medications used to treat erectile dysfunction.
• Medications such as prostaglandin E1 are urethral suppositories that can be self-injected into the urethra.
• The pellet melts inside the urethra, and the medication is absorbed into the corpora cavernosa.
• The medication causes vasodilation of the surrounding tissue, which causes an erection.
• This drug has a more localized arteriole dilating effect than sildenafil citrate (Viagra) or tadalafil (Cialis).

Question 13

What are the causes of priapism?

Answer 13

• Penile or spinal cord injury, tumor, and cerebrospinal syphilis are some of the causes of priapism.
• Pelvic vascular thrombosis is most often identified as one of the causes of this disease.
• Priapism is also caused by prolonged sexual activity
• Leukemia
• Sickle cell anemia
• Other blood disorders.
• This disease is common in infections, such as:
  
  • Prostatitis
  • Urethritis
  • Cystitis.
• It can also occur as an adverse reaction to medications such as:
  
  • Trazodone (Desyrel)
  • Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
  • Prazosin (Minipress)
  • Tolbutamide (Orinase)
  • Antihypertensives
  • Anticoagulants
• Corticosteroids or as an undesirable side effect of erectile dysfunction therapy, especially with Viagra, prostaglandin E1, and injection therapy.

Question 14

What are the symptoms of epididymitis?

Answer 14

• The symptoms of epididymitis are
  
  • Redness
  • Pain
  • Various degrees of scrotal swelling
  • Enlargement of scrotum
  • Chills
  • Fever
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting

Question 15

A nurse’s role in managing male reproductive disorders involves monitoring the symptoms of the disorder and providing proper nursing care.

1. A nurse is assessing a client with erectile
   dysfunction.

a. Which data would the nurse collect from
the client?

Answer 15

The nurse should collect the following data from the client:

• Urinary and reproductive history
• General health history
• History of sexually transmitted diseases or exposure
• Erectile dysfunction
• Urinary dysfunction
• Inspection of external reproductive organ
• Prostate examination
• Testicular examination
• Client’s emotional response to the disorder
• Whether the client is fearful of the outcome
• Whether the client needs assistance to meet daily needs

Question 16

How would the nurse care for the client?

Answer 16

The nursing considerations when caring for this client should include the following:

• Encourage the client to reveal his concerns and sexual needs.
• Engage the client’s wife or partner and other important persons in the discussion with client’s consent.
• Allow the client to go through the grieving process in his own way.
• Recognize the client’s great concern with the body and its processes.
• Observe and encourage open communication between the client and his partner.
• Ask the client and his partner about their knowledge regarding options for erectile dysfunction.
• Encourage them to obtain information regarding coping strategies.
• Provide the client and his partner with educational materials on various options for dealing with erectile dysfunction.

Question 17

A nurse is assessing a client with possible testicular cancer.

a. Which information would the nurse provide to the client regarding the risk factors for developing testicular cancer?

Answer 17

The nurse should inform the client that the following groups are at an increased risk for developing testicular cancer:

• Age group 20 to 34,
• History of undescended testicle at birth (cryptorchidism)
• Caucasian race
• History of mumps with testicular swelling
• History of maternal use of oral contraceptives and diethylstilbestrol during pregnancy
• Higher social class
• Unmarried or married late
• Sexually inactive

Question 18

How would the nurse instruct the client to
perform testicular self-examination?

Answer 18

The nurse should provide the following instructions to the client regarding testicular self- examination:

• Perform testicular self-examination once a month.
• Perform the procedure after a bath or shower, because warm water relaxes the scrotal sac
• Avoid touching the scrotum with cold hands.
• Palpate the testicle between the thumb and first two fingers, progressing along the posterior surface to the epididymis.
• Use both hands to palpate the testis.
• Roll the testis gently in a horizontal plane with the index and middle fingers under the testis and the thumb on top.
• Feel for any evidence of a small lump or abnormality.
• Follow the same procedure and palpate upward along the testis.
• Locate the epididymis, which stores and transports sperm, on the top and back of the testicle.
• Repeat the examination for the other testis.
• Consult the healthcare provider if there is any evidence of a small lump or abnormality.