BN Ch.88 Digestive Disorders

Question 1

Serum aminotransferase was formerly known as serum glutamic __________ transaminase.

Answer 1

oxaloacetic

Question 2

The procedure that allows the removal and examination of polyps is termed __________.

Answer 2

polypectomy

Question 3

Leukoplakia buccalis is also known as __________ patch.

Answer 3

smoker’s

Question 4

__________ is an endoscopic procedure for injecting caustic agents into the tissues near the varices.

Answer 4

Sclerotherapy

Question 5

The presence of more fat than normal in the stool is a condition known as __________.

Answer 5

steatorrhea

Question 6

Excessive intravenous administration of nutrients

Answer 6

Hyperalimentation

Question 7

Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Answer 7

Ascites

Question 8

Inflammation of the gums and teeth

Answer 8

Pyorrhea alveolaris

Question 9

Difficulty in swallowing

Answer 9

Dysphagia

Question 10

Write the correct sequence that is followed when
removing a nasogastric tube.
1. Instruct the client to hold their breath.
2. Crimp the tube to prevent leakage of its
contents.
3. Temporarily clamp the tube and make sure the client can tolerate its absence.
4. Pull the tube out slowly and then rapidly
when the client begins to cough.

Answer 10

3. Temporarily clamp the tube and make sure the client can tolerate its absence.
4. Instruct the client to hold their breath.
5. Pull the tube out slowly and then rapidly
   when the client begins to cough.
6. Crimp the tube to prevent leakage of its
   contents.

Question 11

What are the causes of gingivitis?

Answer 11

Gingivitis is frequently caused by an unhygienic oral environment and the accumulation of bacterial plaque. It can also result from vitamin deficiency, diabetes mellitus, anemia, or leukemia

Question 12

What are the nursing considerations to
be followed when preparing a client for a
cholecystogram?

Answer 12

The nursing considerations when preparing a client for a cholecystogram include instructing the client to avoid fat-free foods the night before the procedure, teaching the client how to take radiopaque dye by mouth, instructing the client to avoid eating for 12 hours after taking the dye, and to avoid smoking, and administering an enema if necessary.

Question 13

What are the nursing considerations to be
followed when caring for a client after liver
biopsy?

Answer 13

When caring for a client after a liver biopsy, the nurse should ensure that the client is positioned on the right side, pressure is applied on the biopsied site for 4 to 6 hours, vital signs are recorded periodically, and the client is observed for signs of bleeding.

Question 14

Why is it necessary for a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) to
follow a strict diet?

Answer 14

GERD is aggravated if a client has chocolate, peppermint, spicy foods, coffee, tomato products, citrus fruits, or fried foods. Intake of alcohol and overeating exacerbate the condition. Hot or cold liquids intensify the sensation. Hence, clients with GERD should follow a strict diet.

Question 15

Which nursing considerations should be kept in mind when antacids are given to a client with ulcers?

Answer 15

When caring for a client with ulcers who is taking an antacid, the following nursing considerations should be kept in mind:
• Antacids used for ulcer treatment can disrupt a person’s electrolyte balance.
• Antacids that contain aluminum hydroxide can cause constipation.
• Antacids that contain magnesium hydroxide can cause diarrhea.
• Antacids are often used on rotating basis to maintain a person’s acid–base balance.

Question 16

A nurse’s role in managing disorders of the
digestive system involves assisting the clients in
their diet and medication. The nurse also helps
clients by educating them regarding causes,
treatment, symptoms, and preventive measures.

1. A 60-year-old client has lost two of their
   teeth and has been prescribed the use of dentures. They are anxious to know if they are losing their teeth due to advancing age.

a. What would the nurse explain to the client?

Answer 16

The nurse should dispel the client’s misconception that tooth loss is a normal part of the aging process. The client should be told that tooth loss may be caused by poor oral hygiene and infection leading to gum disease.

Question 17

Which preventive measures would the
nurse recommend to the client to prevent
further tooth loss?

Answer 17

In order to prevent further tooth loss, the nurse should instruct the client to maintain oral hygiene by using proper brushing technique and flossing the teeth regularly; eat a healthy and nutritious diet; avoid infection; drink fluoridated water; and have a dental checkup periodically.

Question 18

Which client education would the nurse provide on the use of dentures?

Answer 18

During client education, the nurse should tell the client that there might be slight irritation when the dentures are first fitted. The client should talk to the dentist to remove any source of irritation. The client should be encouraged to wear the dentures at all times, especially when awake. The nurse should also educate the client on how to care for the dentures.

Question 19

A nurse is caring for a client with achalasia.

a. How would the nurse teach the client to
improve dietary and eating habits?

Answer 19

The nurse should include the following advice to improve the dietary and eating habits of a client with achalasia:
• Avoid bulky meals.
• Avoid foods that form gas, such as onion,
beans, and peppers.
• Avoid juices that are high in acidity.
• Avoid foods that act as gastric irritants, such as alcohol and spicy foods.
• Avoid food for 2 hours before lying down.
• Chew food slowly and thoroughly.
• Drink plenty of fluids during the meal to help food move into the stomach.

Question 20

What are the other points of care that a
client with achalasia must be educated
about?

Answer 20

The nurse must also provide the client with achalasia with the following information:
• Avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
• Avoid clothing that constricts the waist.
• Elevate the head of the bed to keep the contents of the stomach in the lower portion when lying down.
• Avoid sitting for long stretches.