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Head And Neck > Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Blood Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the internal jugular vein located in the neck?

A

Deep to SCM
Lateral to common carotid artery
Closely associated with lymph nodes

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2
Q

The subclavian artery gives rise to …

A

Vertebral artery
Internal thoracic artery
Thyrocervical artery (trunk)

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3
Q

Does the common carotid artery give off any branches in the neck?

A

No

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4
Q

Where does the common carotid bifurcate?

A

Superior border of the thyroid cartilage

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5
Q

Which blood vessel gives off branches in the neck?

A

External carotid artery

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6
Q

What are the branches of the thyrocervical trunk?

A

Ascending and transverse cervical
Suprascapular
Inferior thyroid artery

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7
Q

Which artery goes on to supply the circle of Willis?

A

Internal carotid

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8
Q

What is the carotid sinus?

A

At region of bifurcation
Has baroreceptors to detect changes in arterial BP
Glossopharyngeal nerve - sensory

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9
Q

What is the carotid body?

A

Peripheral chemoreceptors which detect arterial oxygen

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10
Q

What lies within the carotid sheath?

A

Common carotid a
IJV
Vagus nerve
Deep cervical lymph nodes

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11
Q

What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle?

A 
Superior = posterior belly of digastric 
Lateral = SCM 
Medial = superior belly of omohyoid
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12
Q

What lies within the carotid triangle?

A

IJV

Bifurcation of common carotid

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13
Q

How many branches does the external carotid a have?

A

8 branches

2 are terminal

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14
Q

What are the 8 branches of external carotid?

A 
Superior thyroid 
Lingual 
Facial 
Ascending pharyngeal 
Occipital 
Posterior auricular
Superficial temporal (terminal)
Maxillary (terminal)
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15
Q

Which blood vessels supply the scalp?

A

From external carotid: superficial temporal, posterior auricular and occipital
From internal carotid: supra-orbital and supra-trochlear

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16
Q

What are the layers of the scalp?

A 
SCALP
S = skin
C = CT (dense)
A = aponeurosis 
L = loose CT 
P = periosteum
17
Q

Where do the blood vessels of the scalp lie?

A

In the dense CT layer (subcutaneous)

18
Q

Why does the scalp bleed profusely?

A

Extensive anastomoses
Arteries in dense CT layer - limits constriction of arteries
If aponeurosis damaged, opposing pull of occipitofrontalis increases tear

19
Q

Blood supply to the skull (bone) is mostly…

A

Middle meningeal artery

20
Q

Which veins unite at medial angle of eye to form the angular vein?

A

Supra-orbital

Supra-trochlear

21
Q

The angular veins drains into the …

A

Facial vein

22
Q

How can infection from scalp spread to the meninges?

A

Veins of scalp connected to diploic veins via emissary veins

Emissary veins are valveless therefore blood can flow in either direction

23
Q

Where can the facial artery pulse be felt?

A

Inferior border of mandible

Anterior to masseter muscle

24
Q

Which artery does the middle meningeal artery branch from?

A

Maxillary artery

25
Q

Where are dural venous sinuses found?

A

Between the periosteal ad meningeal layers of dura

26
Q

Sigmoid sinuses continue as which vessel?

A

Internal jugular vein

27
Q

Which nerves are found in the cavernous sinus?

A

Oculomotor (III)
Trochlear (IV)
Abducens (VI)
Ophthalmic and maxillary branches of trigeminal (V1 and V2)

28
Q

Do veins of the face have valves?

A

No

29
Q

Where do deep facial veins drain to?

A

Pterygoid venous plexus

30
Q

Where is the danger triangle of the face?

A

Upper lip to the point between the eyebrows

Covering the whole nose

31
Q

What is the danger triangle?

A

The area at which infections could spread to the dural venous system

32
Q

How do we measure JVP?

A

Pulsation observed through muscle, cannot palpate
Use pt RHS, turn their head to left
Pt at 45 degrees
Measure height of pulsations from sternal angle then add 5cm
(Gives cm from the RA)

Head And Neck (11 decks)

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