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Anatomy and Physology II Lab > Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Blood Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

Blood vessel

A

-are always defined based on the direction the blood within them is flowing. Away from the heart or towards the heart
- they are never defined based on what type of blood they are carrying, does not matter if its oxygenated or deoxygenated

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2
Q

Anastomosis

A

-is an alternate pathway for blood flow (via a different blood vessel), typically used if there is blockage in the usual pathway

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3
Q

trunk

A

-short thick artery

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4
Q

common

A

-any time a blood vessel name contains the word common, it is going to have external and internal vessels attached to it

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5
Q

Directional study of blood

A

-blood vessels should always be studies by their direction of blood flow, arteries away from the heart and veins back to the heart. Arteries branch or diverge, veins converge

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6
Q

Color identification on models

A

red- arteries
blue- veins
purple- capillaries
green- lymphatics
yellow- nerves

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7
Q

Portal system

A

-is a blood circuit that involves two separate capillary beds
ex: hepatic portal circuit

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8
Q

cardiopulmonary

A

flow of blood from right side of heart to lungs to left side of heart

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9
Q

coronary

A

-flow of blood to and from myocardium (through coronary arteries and cardiac veins

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10
Q

Hepatic portal

A

-flow of blood from small intestines, through liver (for filtration) and on to the heart via inferior vena cava

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11
Q

systemic

A

-flow of blood from left side of heart to all tissues of the body to right side of the heart
ex: flow of blood through the body system

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12
Q

cerebral

A

-flow of blood to the base of the cerebrum and up through the cerebral lobes (the circle of Willis) is an important anastomosis in the brain

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13
Q

renal

A

-flow of blood to and through the kidney and its functional units: the nephrons

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14
Q

fetal

A

-flow of blood within the fetus from mother and back
-gas exchange occurs at placenta, not in the lungs
-fetal blood shunted away from the lungs
- changes at birth, some structures will later close off and become fibrous scar tissue in post-natal life

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15
Q

ductus arteriosus

A

-a short shunt in the pulmonary trunk where blood bypasses lungs (pulmonary trunk to aorta directly)
-in the adult it is called ligamentum arteriosum

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16
Q

foramen ovale

A

-a huge hole in the interatrial septum where blood bypasses lungs (R. atrium to L. atrium directly)
-in adults called fossa ovalis

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17
Q

umbilical artery (2)

A

-brings deoxygenated blood to the placenta from the fetus
-in adults called medical umbilical II

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18
Q

umbilical vein (1)

A

-brings oxygenated blood to the fetus from the placenta
- in adults called ligamentum teres (round I)

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19
Q

ductus venosus

A

-a shunt that bypasses the fetal liver, carrying oxygenated blood directly to the interior vena cava
-also called ligamentum venosum

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20
Q

What are two arteries formed by the division of the brachiocephalic trunk ?

A

Right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery

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21
Q

What are two paired arteries serving the brain?

A

vertebral arteries and internal carotid artery

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22
Q

What is the largest artery of the body?

A

aorta

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23
Q

What are the arteries that supply the diaphragm?

A

superior and inferior phrenic arteries

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24
Q

What are the two arteries that supply the myocardium?

A

coronary arteries

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25
Q

What are the arteries that supply the ovaries?

A

ovarian arteries

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26
Q

What are the arteries that supply the testes?

A

testicular arteries

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27
Q

What is the major artery serving the arm?

A

brachial artery

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28
Q

What is the arterial trunk with three major branches serving the liver, spleen, and stomach?

A

celiac trunk

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29
Q

What is the artery that supplies most of the small intestines?

A

superior mesenteric artery

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30
Q

What is the artery that supplies the last half of the large intestines?

A

inferior mesenteric artery

31
Q

What is the artery that supplies the kidneys?

A

renal artery

32
Q

What does the external iliac become when entering the thigh?

A

femoral artery

33
Q

What is the terminal branches of the descending aorta called?

A

common iliac arteries

34
Q

What is the artery generally used to feel the pulse at the wrist?

A

radial artery

35
Q

What is the major artery serving the tissues external to the skull?

A

external carotid artery

36
Q

What are the three major branches of the celiac trunk?

A
  1. Common hepatic
  2. Splenic artery
  3. Left gastric artery
37
Q

What are the three major branches of the aortic arch?

A
  1. Brachiocephalic artery
  2. Left common carotid artery
  3. Left subclavian artery
38
Q

What is the longest superficial vein of the body, found in the leg?

A

great saphenous vein

39
Q

What vein drains the thorax, empties into the superior vena cava?

A

Azygos vein

40
Q

What are the two veins that join to become the superior vena cava?

A

Brachiocephalic vein

41
Q

What is the vein that receives blood from the arm via the axillary vein?

A

Subclavian vein

42
Q

What is the largest vein below the thorax?

A

Inferior vena cava

43
Q

What is the vein that drains the Dural sinuses of the brain?

A

internal jugular vein

44
Q

What is the vein that is formed by the union of the external and internal iliac veins?

A

common iliac vein

45
Q

What are two deep veins, draining the forearm?

A

Ulnar vein and Radial vein

46
Q

What are the superficial veins that drain the lateral aspect of the arm?

A

cephalic vein

47
Q

What is the deep vein of the thigh?

A

femoral vein

48
Q

What is the direction of blood flow for arteries?

A

away from the heart

49
Q

What is the direction of blood flow for veins?

A

towards the heart

50
Q

What is the respiratory gas content in arteries?

A

-high O2 volumes and low C02 volumes

51
Q

What is the respiratory gas content in veins?

A

-High CO2 volumes and low O2 volumes

52
Q

What is the color representation of arteries?

A

red

53
Q

What is the color representation of veins?

A

blue

54
Q

Where are arteries located in the body?

A

deep in the body

55
Q

Where are veins located in the body?

A

Superficial in the body

56
Q

What is the pressure in arteries?

A

-high

57
Q

What is the pressure in veins?

A

-low

58
Q

What is the wall thickness of arteries?

A

-thicker walls (turnica media)

59
Q

What is the wall thickness of veins?

A

thinner walls

60
Q

What is the elasticity of arteries?

A

high elasticity

61
Q

What is the elasticity of veins?

A

low elasticity

62
Q

What is the size and shape of lumen in arteries?

A

-round, narrower lumen

63
Q

What is the size and shape of lumen in veins?

A

flat, wider lumen

64
Q

Are arteries converging or diverging?

A

diverging

65
Q

Are veins converging or diverging?

A

converging

66
Q

Do arteries have valves?

A

no

67
Q

Do veins have valves?

A

yes

68
Q

What is the smallest vessel of an artery?

A

arterioles

69
Q

What is the smallest vessel of an vein?

A

venule

70
Q

Which blood vessel does not have three layers?

A

capillaries, they only contain endothelium

71
Q

Tunica externa

A

connective tissue

72
Q

tunica media

A

smooth muscle

73
Q

tunica interna

A

endothelium

Anatomy and Physology II Lab (13 decks)

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