Blood Typing quiz

Question 1

what are antigens?

Answer 1

glycoprotein on surface of RBC

Question 2

what are antibodies?

Answer 2

immune proteins found floating in blood

Question 3

what determines blood type?

Answer 3

blood antigens

Question 4

how do we get our blood type?

Answer 4

its inherited by our parents

Question 5

what are the two groups for blood typing?

Answer 5

ABO group
Rh factor

Question 6

what does ABO group consist of? what types blood?

Answer 6

antigen A - blood type A
antigen B - blood type B
both antigens - blood type AB
neither antigens - blood type O

Question 7

what does Rh factor consist of?

Answer 7

Rh factor = positive blood type
no Rh factor = negative blood type

Question 8

what are antibodies named after?

Answer 8

the non-self antigens they attach to

Question 9

Patient with O+ blood: what antigens and antibodies do they have?

Answer 9

Rh antigen

anti-A antibody
anti-B antibody

Question 10

Patient with O- blood: what antigens and antibodies do they have?

Answer 10

no antigens (naked)

anti-A antibody
anti-B antibody
anti-Rh antibody

Question 11

Patient with B+ blood: what antigens and antibodies do they have?

Answer 11

B antigen
Rh antigen

anti-A antibody

Question 12

what happens once the antibody has attached to a non-self antigen?

Answer 12

agglutination (clumping)
lysis of cell

Question 13

what causes blood type incompatibility?

Answer 13

antibodies bind to antigens and activate immune system

Question 14

what are the two types of transfusion?

Answer 14

packed cell transfusion
whole blood transfusion

Question 15

what makes packed cell transfusion and whole blood transfusion different?

Answer 15

packed cell: only RBCs are donated (not plasma)
whole blood: everything is donated (plasma and RBCs)

Question 16

when would whole blood transfusion be necessary?

Answer 16

ONLY in an emergency (too much risk of transferring other debris/pathogens)

Question 17

what blood type is the universal donor? (in packed cell)

Answer 17

O-

Question 18

what blood type is the universal acceptor? (in packed cell)

Answer 18

AB+

Question 19

what are symptoms of blood type incompatibility?

Answer 19

fever
chills
lower back pain
pink/red urine

Question 20

why would someone experience lower back pain or pink/red urine after a blood transfusion?

Answer 20

they received the wrong blood type and their antibodies have enacted their immune system. hemolysis of RBCs occur and the kidneys have to work overtime to clean out hemoglobin waste. red waste is then excreted in urine.

Question 21

what could we do to counteract a blood type incompatibility case?

Answer 21

immunosuppressant drugs to fix

Question 22

what is HDNB?

Answer 22

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
caused when anti-Rh antibody crosses placenta to attack fetus’ RBC

Question 23

what are the three conditions that must be met to be in danger of HDNB?

Answer 23

1. mom must be Rh negative (blood type negative)
2. dad must be Rh positive (b/c baby could be too)
3. must have had at least one previous Rh+ pregnancy

Question 24

why must the mother have already had a previous Rh+ pregnancy to be at risk for HDNB?

Answer 24

her immune system must have been primed when baby’s DNA was mixed with mom’s at birth

Question 25

what do we do in practice to treat HDNB?

Answer 25

prescribe medication to ALL Rh negative mothers

Question 26

what type of solution goes mixed with blood in the wells we prepared?

Answer 26

antibodies of A, B, and Rh

Question 27

how does the solution test blood type?

Answer 27

if solution reacts with blood, that means the type of blood in the well is the type that the antibody is conditioned for

Question 28

List all the blood types a given type can either accept or donate to

Question 29

what blood type?

Answer 29

O-

Question 30

what blood type?

Answer 30

B+