Blood Transfusion Flashcards
Indications for pRBC transfusion
Acute blood loss of more than 30% circulating volume
Anaemia which is symptomatic or Hb
Name some indications for FFP transfusion
Major haemorrhage - to prevent coagulopathy
DIC
Reversal of warfarin if prothrombin complex unavailable
Replacement of isolated clotting factor deficiency where single product unavailable
By how much does a 1 unit pRBC transfusion increase Hb?
10g per L
What are the indications for cryoprecipitate transfusion?
In combination with FFP
Isolated hypofibrinogenaemia
What are the indications for platelet transfusion?
To prevent spontaneous bleeding in bone marrow failure platelets
Pre procedure in bone marrow failure or platelet dysfunction
What are irradiated and washed blood products used for?
Irradiated - very immunocompromised
Washed - very allergic
Contraindications to blood transfusion
Anaemia that could otherwise be corrected
Poor blood source - infections etc
ABO or Rh incompatible
Relative - heart failure
Is vCJD a major risk in modern transfusion?
No as supply is leukodepleted, but beware if had transfusion abroad or in the past.
Side effects of blood transfusion/transfusion reactions
Fluid overload Coagulopathy if just pRBC Transfusion induced haemolysis (ABO) Haemolytic disease of the newborn (Rh) Infections - CMV, hepatitis B/C, HIV Delayed haemolytic reaction Allergy and anaphylaxis TRALI Post transfusion purpura Febrile nonhaemolytic reaction
What is the most common transfusion reaction?
Febrile non-haemolytic reaction
What is Transfusion Associated Lung Injury
Donor blood forms Ig against recipient white cells, causing TRALI
What do FFP and cryoprecipitate transfusions replace?
FFP - clotting factors
Cryoprecipitate - fibrinogen
