Blood Glucose Homeostasis Flashcards
Glucose will appear in urine when …
Blood glucose levels are above 12 mmol per litre
Which organ can only use glucose as a metabolic fuel?
Brain
Hypoglycaemia means …
Low blood glucose
In the absorptive state …
Nutrients are being absorbed from the intestine, there is food in the gut, anabolism predominates and insulin levels are high
In the post-absorptive state …
No nutrients are being absorbed from the intestine, glucagon levels are high, catabolism predominate and there is no food in the gut
Insulin and glucagon must be given by injection because …
They would be destroyed if given by mouth and they are protein hormones
The actions of glucagon include …
Decrease glucose uptake by cells, stimulates glycogen breakdown into glucose and inhibits glycogen synthesis from glucose
The actions of insulin include …
Stimulates glycogen synthesis from glucose, stimulates protein synthesis, inhibits glycogen breakdown into glucose and increases glucose uptake by the cells
The healthy homeostatic range for blood glucose is …
3 mmol per litre to 8 mmol per liter
The main tissues and organs involved in blood glucose homeostasis are …
Skeletal muscle and liver
Type 2 diabetes …
Frequently occurs in people with BMI greater than 25 and is due to relative lack of insulin
What organ is the sensor in the homeostatic control of blood glucose?
Pancreas
