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AHP101 > Blood and blood vessels > Flashcards

Blood and blood vessels Flashcards

1
Q

What is the tunica interna?

A

inner lining of squamous epithelium or endothelium.

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2
Q

What is tunica media?

A

middle layer of smooth muscle and elastic tissue.

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3
Q

What is externa?

A

outer layer of fibrous tissue.

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4
Q

Muscular activity depends

A

on the size and function.

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5
Q

Why do large arteries consist of more tunica media?

A

to absorb pressure waves from the heartbeat.

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6
Q

Arterioles consist of…

A

virtually all smooth muscle.

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7
Q

Veins distend and hold approx…

A

2/3 of blood.

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8
Q

Veins are…

A

blood vessels that return blood flow to the heart under low pressure.

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9
Q

The walls are thinner due to

A

less muscle elastic tissue.

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10
Q

Pulmonary arteries carry…

A

deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

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11
Q

Pulmonary veins carry…

A

oxygenated blood to the heart.

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12
Q

Where do arteries carry the blood?

A

away from the heart and are oxygenated.

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13
Q

Where do veins carry blood to?

A

the heart and are deoxygenated.

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14
Q

What are capillaries?

A

a single layer of endothelial cells sitting on a thin basement membrane.

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15
Q

What does the autonomic nervous system do?

A

it changed diameter and controls the volume of blood contained.

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16
Q

What does sympathetic stimulation do?

A

determines diameter of lumen.

17
Q

What is sympathetic stimulation decreased activity?

A

relaxes stimulation to smooth muscle and vasodilation occurs.

18
Q

What is sympathetic stimulation increased activity?

A

causes vasoconstriction and thickening of tunica media.

19
Q

What are the 3 factors of resistance of flow?

A

diameter/ length and viscosity.

20
Q

What happens when cardio-accelerator centre is stimulated?

A

nerve impulses travel along sympathetic fibres to SA/AV nodes.

21
Q

What happens when the cardio-inhibitory centre is stimulated?

A

nerve impulses travel along parasympathetic fibres to SA/ AV nodes.

22
Q

What happens when the vasomotor centre is stimulated?

A

nerve impulses travel along sympathetic fibres to blood vessels.

23
Q

What does a drop in blood pressure lead to?

A

increased sympathetic tone from the vasomotor centre.

24
Q

What does the vasomotor centre change?

A

vascular smooth muscle tone.

25
Q

What does exercise cause?

A

lactic acid buildup or rise in temperature causes dilation.

AHP101 (14 decks)

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