Block 6: Drugs for blood glucose management

Question 1

What type of insulin is Novorapid?

Answer 1

Rapid acting.

Question 2

What type of insulin is Humulin R and Actrapid

Answer 2

Short acting.

Question 3

What type of insulin is Humulin NPH and Protaphane?

Answer 3

Intermediate Acting.

Question 4

What type of insulin is Lantus?

Answer 4

Long Acting.

Question 5

Why should diabetics avoid hot showers within 30 minutes of an injection?

Answer 5

To decrease the risk of a sudden drop in BGL due to the blood vessels in the skin dilate from the hot water and cause insulin to be rapidly absorbed

Question 6

Why should injection sites be rotated?

Answer 6

To prevent lipodystrophy

Question 7

What temperature should insulin vial in pen be kept at?

Answer 7

Room temperature and discarded after 4 weeks.

Question 8

What medications can affect insulin therapy by lowering blood glucose levels?

Answer 8

Alcohol, salicylates, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, anabolic steroids, quinine, ACE inhibitors, B-blockers

Question 9

What is treatment for hypoglycemia?

Answer 9

Glucose 10-15g for conscious individuals followed up by some other form of carbs - biscuits, slice of bread etc

Glucagon: prescribed for emergency use

Question 10

Oral hypoglycaemics are NOT…

Answer 10

effective for type 1 DM

Question 11

No insulin is produced in…

Answer 11

T1DM

Question 12

Not enough insulin or ineffective insulin is produced in…

Answer 12

T2DM

Question 13

Ineffective insulin is produced in…

Answer 13

Gestational DM

Question 14

Type 1 diabetes is treated with…

Answer 14

Insulin.

Question 15

Type 2 diabetes is treated with…

Answer 15

Exercise and diet, oral hypoglycaemics, and insulin.

Question 16

Gestational diabetes is treated with…

Answer 16

Exercise, diet, weight managment, metfromin, insulin.

Question 17

Why are there no oral formulations for insulin?

Answer 17

Because the protein will get denatured and broken down before it gets to where it needs to be.

Question 18

Where should unopened insulin be stored?

Answer 18

In the fridge.

Question 19

What is the difference between basal and bolus insulin?

Answer 19

Basal is long acting injected 1-2 times daily to mimic normal basal insulin secretion. Bolus is short acting and injected before or with meals and snacks.