Block 4: Gastrointestinal drugs

Question 1

Helicobacter pylori, long term use of NSAIDs, and stress are…

Answer 1

Causes of ulcers.

Question 2

Drugs used in cocktail therapy for ulcers are…

Answer 2

Omeprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin (or metronidazole).

Question 3

What type of antiemetic is promethazine?

Answer 3

Antihistamine and dopamine antagonist.

Question 4

What type of antiemetic is metoclopramide and prochlorperzaine?

Answer 4

Dopamine antagonists.

Question 5

What type of antiemetic is hyoscine?

Answer 5

Antimuscarinic.

Question 6

What type of antiemetic is ondansetron?

Answer 6

Serotonin blocker.

Question 7

Loperamide, codeine, atropine, and diphenoxylate are…

Answer 7

Antimotility drugs. Act on the nerves of the GI tract to inhibit peristalsis hence reducing motility and decreasing fluid secretion - done by stimulating opioid receptors in the bowel

Question 8

What type of laxative is psyllium?

Answer 8

Bulk forming. Absorb water, swell and increase the bulk of the stool, this stimulates normal peristalsis

Question 9

What type of laxative is lactulose and macrogols?

Answer 9

Osmotic. Reduce absorption of water and which softens the stool and increase its bulk which stimulates peristalsis

Question 10

What type of laxative is senna and bisacodyl?

Answer 10

Stimulant. Stimulate peristalsis and promote defecation

Question 11

What type of laxative is docusate?

Answer 11

Faecal softner. Lubricate and soften stool.