Block 1: Concepts of pharmacology Flashcards
A chemical that leads to changes in cellular and physiological function is a…
Drug.
The medical context for drugs is to…
Cure, control, and alleviate symptoms.
What are the four main types of adverse drug reactions?
Augmented, bizarre, continuous, and delayed.
The smallest dose to elicit a therapeutic response and the largest dose that can be tolerated without excessive adverse effects is the…
Therapeutic dose.
The way the body acts on the drug once it is administered is…
Pharmacokinetics.
The 4 processes of pharmacokinetics are
Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
Lipid soluble, not charged/non-ionised, and small size are…
Ideal drug characteristics.
Movement from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration until and equilibrium is reached is…
Passive diffusion. Most drug are passive.
Requires a carrier mediated transport is…
Active diffusion. Not many drugs use this as it requires energy.
The movement of a drug from its site of administration into the blood is…
Absorption.
The movement of a drug throughout the body is…
Distribution.
The chemical modification of a drug is…
Metabolism.
The unchanged drug or metabolite removed from the body is…
Excretion.
The main organ for metabolism is…
The liver.
The main organ for excretion is…
The kidneys. Most drugs are excreted in the urine, some in faeces.
