block 2 lecture 1 upper airway and chest

Question 1

what counts as upper respiratory tract?

Answer 1

nose, nasal cavity, paranasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx

Question 2

lower respiratory tract?

Answer 2

larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

Question 3

what two aspects are there to the respiratory system?

Answer 3

conducting and respiratory

Question 4

what does itis mean?

Answer 4

inflammation and infection

Question 5

what is pneumonia?

Answer 5

infection of the alveoli

Question 6

where is repiratory gas exhange?

Answer 6

the terminal alveoli

Question 7

what do the conducting parts of the respiratory pathway do?

Answer 7

cleanse, warm and humidify air

Question 8

what is phonation?

Answer 8

speech

Question 9

what is olfaction?

Answer 9

smell

Question 10

why does air entering the right apeture enter the right side of the nasal cavity?

Answer 10

septum

Question 11

what divides the nasal cavity?

Answer 11

midline septum

Question 12

what are the posterior nasal appetures called?

Answer 12

choanae

Question 13

what is the nasal septum made up of?

Answer 13

at the front its cartilage, at the back it bone: paletine, vomer and maxilla

Question 14

what makes up the hard palate?

Answer 14

palatine bone

Question 15

what surrounds the posterior nasal appetures?

Answer 15

the sphenoid bone

Question 16

what is respiratory mucosa?

Answer 16

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 17

what do goblet cells secrete?

Answer 17

mucus

Question 18

what does the mucus in the nasal cavity do?

Answer 18

filter and warms air

Question 19

what covers the top of the nasal cavity?

Answer 19

olfactory mucosa

Question 20

where is the olfactory bulb?

Answer 20

on ethmoid bone

Question 21

what are the curved shelves formed from bone called in the nasal cavity?

Answer 21

concha

Question 22

what are the spaces under the concha called?

Answer 22

meatus

Question 23

what increases the surface area in the nasal cavity?

Answer 23

the concha and the superior ethmoid recess

Question 24

what are the 4 main sinuses?

Answer 24

maxillary, ethmoid, frontal and the sphenoid

Question 25

what are sinuses lined with and what is their function?

Answer 25

respiratory mucosa and resonation of speech and humidifying air

Question 26

the middle meatus has openings from which sinuses?

Answer 26

frontal, maxilary and ethmoidal

Question 27

what does the sphenoid sinus drain into?

Answer 27

sphenoethmoidal recess

Question 28

where does the superiormeatus have openings from?

Answer 28

posterior ethmoid air cells

Question 29

why is your nose runny when you cry?

Answer 29

nasolacrimal duct which drains into the inferior meatus

Question 30

what is the pharynx?

Answer 30

muscular tube which isnt bound anteriorly

Question 31

what are the openings of the pharynx?

Answer 31

the oral cavity, the nasal cavity and the larynx

Question 32

what forms the pharynx?

Answer 32

three constrictor muscles

Question 33

what are the boundaries of the pharynx?

Answer 33

base of the skull to the cricoid cartilage

Question 34

what does the epiglottis do?

Answer 34

stops food entering the trachea

Question 35

what is the eustachian tube and what does it do?

Answer 35

tube that goes pharynx to the middle ear, contracts while swallowing to equalise pressure in the middle ear

Question 36

what are the tonsils in the nasopharynx?

Answer 36

tubular and adenoids

Question 37

what are the tonsils in the oropharynx?

Answer 37

lingual and palatine

Question 38

what is the larynx?

Answer 38

9 cartilages covered by muscles and mucosa

Question 39

unpaired muscle in the larynx?

Answer 39

epiglottis, thyroid and cricoid

Question 40

what are the paired muscles in the larynx?

Answer 40

corniculate, cuneform and arytenoid

Question 41

which is the true vocal cord?

Answer 41

bottom

Question 42

how many cervical vertebrae do we have?

Answer 42

7

Question 43

where is the upper margin of the thyroid cartilage?

Answer 43

between the third and forth cervical vertebrae

Question 44

where do you fine the cricoid cartilage?

Answer 44

C6

Question 45

what muscle contracts to expel something from the wind pipe?

Answer 45

trachealis muscle

Question 46

what shape is the cartilage of the trachea?

Answer 46

C-shaped