Block 14 - Fundamentals of Flight Flashcards
What pertains to the rate of change of speed and or velocity of matter with time?
Acceleration
What is the rate of movement in terms of distance measured in an allotted amount of time?
Speed
What pertains to the quickness or speed of an object in a given time and direction?
Velocity
What is something that causes a charge in the motion of an object?
Force
What pertains to the willingness of an object to remain at rest or to continue its motion unless acted upon by an outside force?
Inertia
This is the type of motion when all of a body Moves In a Line (straight or curved) with all parts moving in the same direction
Linear motion
This is the type of motion when a body or part of it moves in a circle (or part of) about a point called the axis of rotation
Angular motion
What is a combination of linear and angular motion?
General motion
Which law of motion states that an object at rest will remain at rest, or an object in motion at the same speed and in the same direction, until acted upon by an outside force?
Newton’s first law of motion (inertia)
Which law of motion states that if an object moving with uniform speed is acted upon by an external Force, the change of motion, or acceleration, will be directly proportional to the amount of force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object being moved?
Newton’s second law of motion (force)
Which law of motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction?
Newton’s third law of motion (action and reaction)
Which principle states that when a fluid flowing through a tube reaches a constriction or narrowing of the tube, the speed of the fluid passing through the constriction is increasing its pressure decreased?
Bernoulli’s principle
What is the force that acts, in an upward direction, to support the aircraft in the air and it counteracts the effects of weight?
Lift
What is the force of gravity acting downward on the aircraft and everything on the aircraft?
Weight
What is the force that tends to hold an aircraft back and is caused by the disruption of the air about the wings, fuselage or body, and are protruding objects on the aircraft?
Drag
What is the force developed by the aircraft engine and and it acts in the forward Direction?
Thrust
What pertains to an imaginary reference line running down the center of the aircraft between the nose and tail?
Lateral axis
What pertains to an imaginary reference line running from the top to the bottom of the aircraft?
Vertical axis
What pertains to a fixed-wing aircrafts longitudinal axis?
Aileron’s (roll)
What pertains to a fixed wing aircrafts lateral axis?
Elevators (pitch)
What pertains to the fixed wing aircrafts vertical axis?
Rudder (yaw)
Which component of the rotary Wing aircraft tilt the plane (angle) of the rotor blades forward, aft, forward, sideways, giving the helicopters directional motion by changing the direction of the lift from vertical to a varying degree based on a 0 ° Centerline
Cyclic stick (roll / pitch)
Which component of the rotary Wing aircraft counteract torque of the main rotor by increasing or decreasing the amount of horizontal thrust the tail rotor produces, with this movement around the vertical axis?
Tail rotor (yaw)
What creates extra lift by lengthening the top section of the wing resulting in maximum lift to reduce take off runs and Landing roll out?
Flap (leading / trailing-edge)
What is used to decrease or spoil Wing lift by destroying the smooth flow of air over the wing surfaces, this creates a more predictable Landing glidescope?
Spoiler
What pertains to hinged or movable control surfaces used for reducing the speed of aircraft, with location that varies on the model of aircraft?
Speed brakes
What are movable control surface is attached to the Leading Edge of the wing, created bet the slat and the wing Leading Edge when open or extended forward?
Slats
Which pertains to lift that may be changed by collectively increasing the angle of attack or pitch of the rotor blades?
Collective
Which pertains to the angle at which the air flow or fuselage meets a flow of air?
Angle of attack (AOA)
This is defined as the angle between the chord line of the wing and the relative wind?
Angle of attack (AOA)
What is an imaginary straight line from the Leading Edge to trailing edge of the wing?
Chord line of the wing
What is the direction of the Airstream in relation to the wing?
Relative wind
How is the angle of attack measured?
In units as opposed to degrees
What is the method of allowing a helicopter to land safely from altitude without using engine power?
Auto rotation
Which part of the basic aircraft hydraulic system is used to hold a supply hydraulic fluid?
Reservoir
Which part of the basic aircraft hydraulic system is used to provide a flow of fluid?
Pump
Which part of the basic aircraft hydraulic system is used to transmit the fluid?
Tubing
Which part of the basic aircraft hydraulic system is used to direct flow fluid?
Selector valve
Which part of the basic aircraft hydraulic system is used to convert the fluid pressure into useful work?
Actuating unit
What are the parts of the basic aircraft hydraulic system?
Reservoir Pump Actuating unit Tubing Selector valve
What are the main components of the landing gear?
Tires Shock strut assembly Wheel brake assembly Retracting and extending mechanism Side struts and supports
Which landing gear main component absorbs the shock that otherwise would be sustained by the airframe?
Shock strut assembly
Which landing gear main component allows the aircraft to roll easily and provides traction during takeoff and Landing?
Tires
Which landing gear main component is used to slow and stop the aircraft and is also used to prevent the aircraft from Rolling while parked?
Wheel brake assembly
Which landing gear main component refers to all the necessary Hardware to electrically or hydraulically extend and retract the landing gear?
Retracting and extending mechanism
Which landing gear main component provides lateral strength / support for the landing gear?
Side struts and supports
What are among the most highly stressed parts of the aircraft?
Modern aircraft wheels and tires
What factors contribute to the failure of aircraft Wheels?
High tire pressure
Cyclic loads
Corrosion
Physical damage
Which part of the engine system projects a column of air to the rear at an extremely high velocity, with the resulting effect of propelling the aircraft in the opposite or four Direction?
Turbojet
Which part of the engine system delivers power through the shaft to drive something other than a propeller?
Turboshaft
Which part of the engine system allows propulsion to be accomplished by the conversion of the majority of the gas energy into mechanical Power to drive a propeller?
Turboprop
Which part of the engine system is basically the same as a turboprop except that the propeller is replaced by a duct enclosed axial-flow fan?
Turbofan
What’s NATO code has a flame spread rate of 700 to 800 ft per minute and a low flashpoint of -10 degrees Fahrenheit or -23 degrees Celsius and is never used on ships?
JP4 NATO code F40
The use of JP4 will normally cause an engine to operate with what?
Lower exhaust gas temperature (EGT)
Slower acceleration
Lower engine RPM
What’s the NATO code has a flame spread of 100 feet per minute, and a flashpoint of 140 degrees Fahrenheit or 60 degrees Celsius and is only approved fuel for use onboard Naval vessels?
JP5 NATO code F44
What is the lowest Flashpoint considered safe for use onboard Naval vessels?
140 degrees Fahrenheit
What is the Navy’s primary jet fuel?
JP5 NATO code F44
Which NATO code has a flame spread of 100 ft per minute and a flashpoint of 100 degrees Fahrenheit or 40 degrees Celsius?
JP8 NATO code F34
What are the hazards of jet fuel?
Explosion from fuel fumes
Vapor inhalation
Toxic contact with skin, eyes, or swallowing
What are the effects of icing on the performance of a naval aircraft?
Loss of engine power
Aerodynamic efficiency
Loss of proper orientation of control surfaces, breaks in landing gear
Loss of outside vision
False instrument indicators
Loss of radio
Which system in an aircraft include some of the instruments that operate on the principle of the barometer, which consists of a tube and three indicators, all connected with tubing that carries air?
Pitot static system
What are the three indicators of the pitot-static system?
Altimeter
Airspeed indicator
Rate of climb indicator
What is mounted on the outside of the aircraft at a point where are is least likely to be turbulent and it points in a forward Direction parallel to the aircraft line of flight?
Pitot tube
Which Port introduces outside air, and it’s normal outside atmospheric pressure, as though the aircraft were standing still in the air?
Static port
What Displays the speed of the aircraft in relation to the air in which it is flying?
Airspeed indicator
Which number gives a speed compared to the speed of sound in the surrounding medium (local speed)?
Mach number
What shows the height of the aircraft above sea level, with the face of the instrument calibrated so the counter or pointer displays the correct altitude of the aircraft?
Altimeter
What shows the rate of which an aircraft is climbing or descending?
Rate of climb indicator
What instrument shows the pilot the relative position of the aircraft compared to the Earth’s Horizon?
Altitude indicator
The altitude Indicator is also known as what?
Vertical gyro indicator (VGI)
What shows the correct execution of a turn and bank and it also shows the lateral altitude of the aircraft in straight flight?
Turn and Bank indicator
What is a gyro mounted in a frame that is pivoted to turn on a longitudinal axis?
Turn indicator
What consists of a glass ball that moves in a curved glass tube filled with a liquid?
Gyro
What are instruments that direct, plot, and control the course or position of the aircraft and may include radios, transmitters, TACAN, LORAN Etc?
Navigation systems
What is an electronic system that allows a friendly craft to identify itself automatically before approaching near enough to theater the security of other Naval units?
Identification Friend or Foe (IFF)
All operational aircraft and ships of the Armed Forces carry what to give their identity when challenged?
Transponder
What is a radio device used to detect objects at distances much greater than is visually possible and can also show the range and relative position?
Radio detection and ranging (RADAR)
This is equivalent to 12.36 microseconds and refers to the time it takes for a radio wave to travel out and return back for one mile
One radar range mile
What is the direct reading Compass mounted on the instrument panel, with the face read like the dial of a gauge?
Magnetic (stand by) compass
What pertains to radio equipment that does not require interconnecting wires between the sending and receiving stations and is only practical means of communication with moving Vehicles such as ships or aircraft?
Communication systems
What is protective device that opens a circuit when the current exceeds a Predetermined value?
Circuit breaker
What is a protective device inserted in line with a circuit and a contains a metal that will melt or break when current is increased Beyond a specific value, thus disconnecting the circuit from a power source to prevent damage?
Fuse
