Bleeding Flashcards

1
Q

Signs and Symptoms of internal bleeding

A

Bruising, hematoma, hematemesis, fractured bones, abdominal distention, signs and symptoms of shock

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2
Q

spurting, bright red blood

A

artery bleed

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3
Q

steady flow of dark red blood

A

vein bleed

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4
Q

slow oozing of dark red blood

A

capillary bleed

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5
Q

What are the smallest arteries?

A

arterioles

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6
Q

What vessels link arterioles to venules?

A

capillaries

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7
Q

the liquid part of blood

A

plasma

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8
Q

what part of the RBC carry O2 and CO2?

A

hemaglobin

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9
Q

what does the blood use to form blood clots?

A

platelets

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10
Q

what term is used for the platelets coming together to form a clot?

A

aggregation

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11
Q

What drug do we use to reduce or stop platelet aggregation?

A

aspirin

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12
Q

How much blood per kg does an adult have?

A

70ml

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13
Q

The clot that forms at the surface to stop a bleed is by a process called :

A

coagulation

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14
Q

A blood filled area of skin caused by blunt trauma :

A

hematoma

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15
Q

S/S: guarding, rigid/painful abdomen, hypotension

A

possible internal bleeding

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16
Q

What do we attempt to do first with external bleeding?

A

apply direct pressure

17
Q

epistaxis

A

nose bleed

18
Q

What do you tell a patient to do when they have a nosebleed?

A

lean forward

19
Q

A congenital condition wherein a Pt lacks normal clotting factors:

A

hemophilia

20
Q

severe active bleeding

A

hemorrhage

21
Q

ecchymosis

A

A buildup of blood beneath the skin that produces a characteristic blue or black discoloration as the result of an injury; also see contusion.

22
Q

hematemesis

A

vomited blood

23
Q

hematuria

A

blood in urine

24
Q

hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood

25
If bleeding doesn't stop with direct pressure what do you do next?
tourniquet
26
melena
Black, foul-smelling, tarry stool containing digested blood.
27
vasoconstriction
The narrowing of a blood vessel, such as with hypoperfusion or cold extremities
28
responsible for the transportation of oxygen to the cells via hemoglobin carries CO2 away from cells to lungs
red blood cell
29
fights infection
white blood cells
30
What carries blood to the heart?
pulmonary vein
31
What carries blood away from the heart?
pulmonary arteries
32
How much blood loss will the body be able to tolerate?
nothing greater than 20% of blood volume
33
What will happen to the vital signs when there is significant blood loss?
Heart rate increases Resp. rate increases BP decreases
34
What type of bleed is the hardest to control?
arterial bleed
35
What is the most common and effective way to control bleeding?
direct pressure
36
How long should you hold direct pressure?
uninterrupted pressure for at least 5 minutes
37