Biopsychology Flashcards
What branches of the nervous system is involved with Flight or Fight?
Autonomic then Sympathetic branch
Name the 4 lobes of the brain
Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
Which side of the brain does language lateralised to?
Left
Where would you find the Broca’s area in the brain?
In the frontal lobe of the left hemisphere
What evidence from Brain scanning is there for Localisation of function?
- Peterson (1988): used brain scans to demonstrate how Wernicke’s area was active during a listening task and Broca’ area was active during a reading task.
- Tulving (1994): found that semantic and episodic memories reside in different areas of the prefrontal cortex.
What 2 branches does the autonomic nervous system further
divide into?
Sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
What function in the body uses ipsilateral wiring?
Vision
What does lateralisation of brain function mean?
When a function is localised to either the left or right hemisphere of the brain.
What is the name for the main endogenous pacemaker?
SCN
Give an example of a circadian rhythm?
Sleep wake cycle
How long is an Infradian rhythm & give an example of an Infradian rhythm?
More than 24 hours to complete a cycle, menstrual cycle
How long is an ultradian rhythm & give example of an ultradian rhythm?
Less than 24hours to complete a cycle, sleep cycle
What is the strength of circadian rhythms regarding medical
treatments?
By looking at chronotherapeutics we can see when the most effective time is to take medication
Who research into the menstrual cycle and Infradian rhythms?
McClintock
What is an exogenous zeitgeber?
An external cue to help biological rhythms
Briefly explain a study to support endogenous pacemakers
Siffre – cave, Aschoff & weaver – WW2 bunker, Folkard – changed the clock
What hormone is released from the pineal gland in low light levels?
Melatonin
Name 3 sympathetic responses in fight or flight?
Heart rate increases, breathing rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion is inhibited, saliva production is inhibited, rectum contracts.
What is the limitation of ultradian rhythms?
There are variations in peoples sleep cycles. Tucker stated that these were biological.
How many stages of sleep are there?
5 stages (1-4 NREM & 5 REM)
What is a strength/real world application of infradian rhythms?
Light therapy for SAD
What are the 3 types of neuron?
Sensory, relay and motor
What is a strength of localisation theory?
- Damage to areas of the brain has been linked to mental disorders.
- Evidence from brain scans.
What is the Broca’s area responsible for?
Speech production
