biomechanics cscs

Question 1

prime mover, the muscle most directly involved in bringing about a movement

Answer 1

agonist

Question 2

a muscle that can slow down or stop the movement

Answer 2

antagonist

Question 3

a muscle that assists indirectly in a movement

Answer 3

synergist

Question 4

toward the center of body attachment

Answer 4

proximal/orgin

Question 5

away from the center of body attachment

Answer 5

distal/insertion

Question 6

a lever for which the muscle force and resitive force act on opposite sides of the fulcrum

Answer 6

1st class lever

Question 7

a lever for which the muscle force and resistive force act on the same side of the fulcrum, with the muscle force acting through a moment arm longer than that through which the resistive force acts through. due to the muscles mechanical advantage, the required muscle force is smaller than the resistive force

Answer 7

2nd class lever

Question 8

greater than 1.0

Answer 8

apply less muscle force to produce equal torque. mechanical advantage

Question 9

less than 1.0

Answer 9

apply greater muscle force than the amount of resistice force, mechanical disadvantage

Question 10

a lever for which the muscle force and resistive force act on the same side of the fulcrum, with the muscle force acting through a moment arm shorter than that through which the resistive force acts,

Answer 10

3rd class lever

Question 11

the capacity to exert force at any given speed

Answer 11

strength

Question 12

the change in velocity per unit of time

Answer 12

acceleration

Question 13

mass x acceleration =

Answer 13

force

Question 14

______ affects maximal force output by determining the rate at which the motor units are fired

Answer 14

rate coding

Question 15

a muscle with fibers thtat align obliquely with the tendonm creating a featherlike arrangement

Answer 15

pennate muscle

Question 16

angle between muscle fibers and an imaginary line between the muscles origin and insertion, 0 degrees corresponds to no pennation

Answer 16

angle of penneation

Question 17

at resting muscle length,
actin and myosin lie _____ to eachother
a _____ number of crossbridge sites are available
the muscle can generate the _____ force

Answer 17

next
maximal
greatest

Question 18

at stretched muscle length,
actin and myosin _____ to eachother
a _____ number of crossbridge sites are available
the muscle can generate _____ force

Answer 18

small amount lie next
fewer
not as much

Question 19

at contracted muscle length,
actin filaments ______
a _____ number of crossbridge sites are available
the muscle can generate _____ force

Answer 19

overlap
reduced
decreased