Biology set 3

Question 1

What are the two main parts of a plant?

Answer 1

Shoot system and root system are the two main parts of the plant

Question 2

What are the three main parts of the shoot system?

Answer 2

Leaves, stems and reproductive structures are the main parts of the shoot system

Question 3

What is the root system made up of?

Answer 3

Roots only

Question 4

What is the role/job of leaves?

Answer 4

provide a place for photosynthesis, absorb/move water (transpiration)

Question 5

What are the two parts of a leaf?

Answer 5

The lamina, the petiole

Question 6

What is the lamina?

Answer 6

The lamina is the leaf blade

Question 7

What is the petiole?

Answer 7

The petiole is the leaf stalk

Question 8

Do all leaves have a lamina and petiole?

Answer 8

No, but most do have these two parts

Question 9

Why do some leaves have unusual shapes and sizes?

Answer 9

Leaves with unusual shapes/sizes have specialized functions

Question 10

Why might leaves have a small size or waxy coating?

Answer 10

The waxy coating or small size stops water loss

Question 11

What are the red ‘flowers’ on a Poinsettia plant in winter?

Answer 11

The red ‘flowers’ are actually specialized leaves called bracts (the flowers are the little yellow centres)

Question 12

What is the purpose of the bracts?

Answer 12

The purpose of the red bracts is to attract insects to pollinate the plant

Question 13

What does pollen contain?

Answer 13

Pollen contains the sperm of a plant

Question 14

What are pollinators?

Answer 14

Pollinators are insects or birds that will transport the pollen from one plant to another

Question 15

what is the stem of a plant?

Answer 15

The stem of a plant is the core of the shoot system

Question 16

What are the two parts of a stem?

Answer 16

The stem is divided into the nodes and internodes.

Question 17

What are nodes?

Answer 17

Nodes are where buds grown into leaves or other stems or flowers

Question 18

What are internodes?

Answer 18

Internodes are the parts between nodes.

Question 19

Most stems are above ground, unless the plant is what kind of plant?

Answer 19

Plants called tubers, such as potatoes, have stems under the ground

Question 20

What is the role of the stem?

Answer 20

The role of the stem is to provide support for the plant, place for leaves and fruit/flowers to grow, keeps leaves facing the sunlight, transports nutrients and water, stores nutrients.

Question 21

How might humans use a plant’s stem?

Answer 21

Stems might have sugar (sugar cane) or maple syrup (sap)

Question 22

What is the stem of a tree?

Answer 22

tree stems are called trunks

Question 23

What else do we get from tree stems or bark?

Answer 23

we get wood, paper from the stem, cinnamon, cork come from bark

Question 24

Where do you find roots?

Answer 24

Roots are usually, but not always, below ground

Question 25

What is the role of roots?

Answer 25

Roots anchor the plant to the ground, take up water and minerals for growth, store food and nutrients, and provide a means of reproduction (asexual)

Question 26

How do roots get the oxygen they need to survive?

Answer 26

Roots can get oxygen naturally from between the grains of soil.

Question 27

When the ground is saturated with water what happens to the roots?

Answer 27

When there is too much water, the roots cannot get oxygen in the soil, so they grown outside of the soil

Question 28

What are fibrous roots?

Answer 28

Fibrous roots are thin and hairlike, those of a tomato plant

Question 29

What are taproots?

Answer 29

Tap roots are thick and short... like carrots

Question 30

What are buttress roots?

Answer 30

Buttress roots are somewhere in between … like a fig tree.

Question 31

What are the four ways that plants might reproduce?

Answer 31

Asexual reproduction, fragmentation, or sexually

Question 32

What is asexual reproduction in plants?

Answer 32

Asexual reproduction is when algae just clones itself by fission (splitting)

Question 33

What is fragmentation?

Answer 33

Fragmentation is when a plant breaks apart and both regrow

Question 34

What is plant sexual reproduction?

Answer 34

When plants have male and female eggs and sperm that are spread by insects or birds

Question 35

What are spores?

Answer 35

Spores are reproductive cells that are able to develop into a new individual without fusing with another cell. (these are not like seeds)

Question 36

What type of plants have spores?

Answer 36

Non seed bearing plants have spores, such as algae, moss, ferns

Question 37

What do spores need to grown new plants?

Answer 37

A spore needs favorable conditions and then it will grow a new plant

Question 38

How do spores get to a new location to grow?

Answer 38

Often they are under the leaves of plants and are carried by wind or rain.

Question 39

What might 'eat' spores?

Answer 39

Bacteria and fungi might consume spores

Question 40

What is the job of a flower?

Answer 40

A flower gives a way for sperm to find the eggs, thus making a new plant

Question 41

What are the sepals?

Answer 41

The sepals are the green parts outside/around the petals.

Question 42

What are petals?

Answer 42

Petals are usually colourful, and are modified leaves similar to the bracts of a Pointsettia

Question 43

What is a stamen?

Answer 43

A stamen contains a filament topped by pollen producing cells

Question 44

What is the carpel?

Answer 44

The carpel contains the plant's ovary (where the eggs are located)

Question 45

What are seeds?

Answer 45

Seeds are the embryonic (immature) plants enclosed in a protective coating

Question 46

What is endosperm?

Answer 46

Endosperm is rich in oil, starch and protein, and is a seed's stored nutrients

Question 47

How are seeds dispersed (sent to new places)?

Answer 47

Seeds can be dispersed by wind, by water, by animals.

Question 48

How do animals disperse seeds?

Answer 48

They eat them and poop them out, or they get stuck in fur and spread that way.

Question 49

Which is more evolutionary advanced seeds or spores?

Answer 49

Seeds are more evolutionarily advanced

Question 50

What is the difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms?

Answer 50

Gymnosperms seeds are covered by the scales of cones, angiosperms the seed becomes covered with a fleshy or hard fruit

Question 51

What are cones?

Answer 51

Cones are the part of a conifer which contains the reproductive structures.

Question 52

What is the difference between male and female cones?

Answer 52

Female cones produce ovules, males cones which are smaller and less visible produce pollen (a yellowish powder)

Question 53

Where do you find male and female cones on a fir tree?

Answer 53

Male cones are closer to the ground, female cones are higher up.

Question 54

What is cross-pollination?

Answer 54

Cross-pollination is being fertilized by another plant

Question 55

What is self-pollination?

Answer 55

Self-fertilization is when the plant is fertilized by itself. Plants must avoid this.

Question 56

Why are male and female cones in different spots on a tree?

Answer 56

The wind will carry the pollen from the females downwards to a new tree.