Biology paper1-Cell biology Flashcards
What is a eukaryotic cell?
A eukaryotic cell is a cell which contains genetic material enclosed in a nucleus.
What is a prokaryotic cell?
A prokaryotic cell is a cell which does not have its genetic material enclosed in a nucleus.
Define plasmid
Plasmid is a ring of DNA found in prokaryotic cells.
What is mitosis?
Mitosis is the part of the cell cycle in which one set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell and the nucleus divides.
What is differentation?
This is the process by which a stem cell becomes a specialised cell.
What is the definition of osmosis?
Osmosis is where water diffuses from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution up a partially permeable membrane.
What is meant by active transport?
This is the movement of substances from low concentration to high concentration through a partiall permeable membrane, but this process requires energy from respiration.
Define hypertonic
A solution which is more concentrated than the cell.
Define hypotonic
A solution that has a lower concentration than the cell.
Define hypotonic
A solution that has a lower concentration than the cell.
Define isotonic
A solution which is the same concentration as the cell.
What is meant when a plant is turgid?
This is when a plant is full of water and the plant cytoplasm and vacuole push against the cell wall.
What is meant when a plant is Flaccid?
This is when a plant is lacking water(cytoplasm and vacuole don’t touch the cell wall).
What is meant when a plant is plasmolysed?
This is where the cell contents shrivel away from the cell wall when there is a serious lack of water.
How do you calculate the magnification of an image?
length of the image divided by the actual length.
