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Gcse subjects i need the 6 in > Biology Paper 2 homeostasis and response > Flashcards

Biology Paper 2 homeostasis and response Flashcards

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1
Q

Define the term homeostasis

A

This is the regulation of the internal conditions of the cell or organism to maintain optimum conditions for function and response

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2
Q

What does CNS mean and what does it consist of?

A

CNS means central nervous system and consists of the brain and the spinal chord

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3
Q

What is the definition of a neurone?

A

a neurone carries an electrical impulse from one end to another

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4
Q

What is meant by a reflex arc?

A

This is a nervous response that is that is fast and automatic and does not involve the conscious brain

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5
Q

What is a synapse?

A

a synapse is a gap between 2 neurones across within a chemical must diffuse to trigger an electrical impulse to the second neurone

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6
Q

What is meant by a chemical response?

A

This response use hormones which travel into the bloodstream to a target organ to make slow, longer lasting changes

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7
Q

What is the endocrice system and what does it consist of?

A

It consists of glands which secrete hormonesin the bloodstream.

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8
Q

What is insulin?

A

Insulin is produced in the pancreas and is used to decrease glucose levels in the blood

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9
Q

What is glycogen?

A

Glycogen is the long term store of sugar in the body, it is made and stored in the liver and muscles.

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10
Q

Define the term accomodation?

A

This is the process of changing the lens shape to focus on near or distant objects.

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11
Q

Define auxin

A

Auxin is the hormone that controls the plant response to light and gravity.

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12
Q

what is a nervous response?

A

it uses electrical impulses in nerves to make fast short lived changes.

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13
Q

what is a stimulus?

A

a stimulus is a change in the environment.

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14
Q

what is a receptor?

A

A receptor is a type of cell that detects stimuli

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15
Q

What is a sensory neurone and what does it do?

A

A sensory neurone is a neurone that carries electrical impulses from the CNS to the effectors.

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16
Q

What is a motor neurone?

A

a motor neurone is a neurone that carries electrical impulses from the CNS to the effectors.

17
Q

What is an effector?

A

These are muscles or glands which bring about responses to restore optimum levels

18
Q

What does the thyroid do?

A

It releases thyroxine which plays an important role in growth and development.

19
Q

What does FSH do and where is it released from?

A

It is released from the pituatary gland, it causes an egg to be matured in the ovary, it also tells the ovaries to release oestrogen.

20
Q

What does oestrogen do?

A

Oestrogen stops the production of FSH so that only 1 egg matures in a cycle and it helps repair and thicken the uterus lining and it stimulates the pituatary gland to release LH.

21
Q

What does LH do?

A

It triggers the release of a mature egg.(ovulation)

22
Q

What does progesterone do?

A

It maintains the uterus lining during the middle of the menstual cycle and during pregnancy.

23
Q

Define myopia?

A

Myopia is a condition(short sightedness) where light rays are focussed in front of the retina so objects are not seen clearly.

24
Q

Define hyperopia?

A

Hyperopia is acondition(long sightedness) this is where the light rays are focussed behind the retina so objects are not seen clearly.

25
Q

What is meant by the process deamination?

A

Deamination is the process by which amino acids are broken down into ammonia which is then converted into urea which is excreted from the body.

26
Q

What is the retina?

A

The retina contains receptors which are sensitive to light intensity and colour.

27
Q

What do the cilary muscles do?

A

They contract and relax to see far and close objects.

28
Q

What is the iris and what does it control?

A

The iris is a muscle in the eye that controls the amount of light that reaches the retina by controlling the size of the pupil.

29
Q

What is the cornea and what does it do?

A

The cornea is the transparent area found at the front of the eye it refracts light as it enters and focusses it on the retina.

30
Q

What is the sclera?

A

The sclera is the white outer layer of the eye strong and tough.

31
Q

What does the cerebral cortex control?

A

It controls high level functions such as memory language and intelligence.

32
Q

What does the cerebellum control?

A

It controls the balance and coordination of muscles in the body.

Gcse subjects i need the 6 in (18 decks)

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