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AP Bio > Biology Intro > Flashcards

Biology Intro Flashcards

1
Q

Biology

A

study of life

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2
Q

atom

A

smallest unit of matter

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3
Q

molecule

A

2+ joined atoms

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4
Q

molecules of life include

A

Carbs, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids

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5
Q

molecules of life

A

made by all living things and only living things

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6
Q

cell

A

smallest unit that can live and reproduce alone

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7
Q

tissue

A

organized cells that interact together to perform a specific job or function

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8
Q

type of tissue: blood

A

connective

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9
Q

examples of tissues

A

epithelial, muscle, connective

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10
Q

organ

A

made of two+ tissues interacting to perform a specific job or function

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11
Q

organ system

A

organs interacting, physically, chemically or both in a task.

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12
Q

multicellular organism

A

individual made of different types of cells

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13
Q

population

A

group of single or multi celled individuals of same species occupying specific area

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14
Q

community

A

all populations of all species occupying specific area

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15
Q

Ecosystem

A

community interacting w its environment

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16
Q

biosphere

A

all regions of earth’s waters, crust and atmosphere that hold organisms

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17
Q

how many species are named?

A

1.8million

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18
Q

how many species likely exist?

A

100million

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19
Q

who invented 2pt naming system

A

carolus linnaeus

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20
Q

two part naming system

A

genus + species

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21
Q

genus

A

grouping of species w certain traits in common

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22
Q

Groupings

A

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

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23
Q

three domains

A

bacteria, archaea, eukarya

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24
Q

prokaryotic kingdoms

A

bacteria and archaea

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25
Q

what were the prokaryotic kingdoms originally grouped as?

A

monera

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26
Q

eukaryotic kingdoms

A

eukarya

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27
Q

Eukarya

A

protists, fungi, plants, animals

28
Q

spot where life branches off in tree

A

most recent common ancestor

29
Q

Which of the two (prokaryotes or eukaryotes) have a nucleus

A

eukaryotes

30
Q

where is prokaryotic dna contained

A

freefloating instead of nuclear membrane

31
Q

Which of the two (prokaryotes or eukaryotes) has a smaller cell?

A

Prokaryotic have smaller and simpler cells, while eukaryotic larger and many live as multicellular

32
Q

Which of the two (prokaryotes or eukaryotes) have membrane bound organelles?

A

eukaryotes

33
Q

Which of the two (prokaryotes or eukaryotes) have cell membranes?

34
Q

Which of the two (prokaryotes or eukaryotes) have cytoplasm?

35
Q

Which of the two (prokaryotes or eukaryotes) have ribosomes?

36
Q

ribosomes produce…

37
Q

examples of prokaryotes

38
Q

first step scientific method

A

identify problem

39
Q

second step scientific method

A

develop hypothesis and make prediction (if/then statement)

40
Q

hypothesis

A

testable explanation of process

41
Q

prediction

A

statement of what you should find in nature

42
Q

third step scientific method

A

experiment

43
Q

experiment

A

test carried out under controlled conditions and manipulated by researchers

44
Q

fourth step scientific method

A

repeat the tests/devise new ones if hypothesis went through. if not, go back to step 2.

45
Q

fifth step scientific method

A

analyze/report test results and conclusion

46
Q

scientific theory

A

hypothesis not disproved over course of years–researchers can’t find evidence disproving it, low probability of being wrong

47
Q

Components of experiment

A

variable, independent and dependent, control group, quantitative reports

48
Q

variable

A

feature of object/event may differ over time

49
Q

independent variable

A

x, input, feature that experimenter manipulates

50
Q

dependent variable

A

y, output, feature affected by x

51
Q

diversity in life

A

way in which we function

52
Q

unity in life

A

cells, DNA, life functions

53
Q

Big Idea 1

A

process of evolution drives diversity and unity of life

54
Q

What drives evolution?

A

natural selection

55
Q

natural selection

A

organisms best adapted to their environment are the only ones tht survive

56
Q

Energy

A

capacity to do work

57
Q

Big Idea 2

A

Biological systems use free energy + molecular building blocks to grow, reproduce, + maintain dynamic homeostasis

58
Q

Big Idea 3

A

Living systems store, retrieve, transmit and respond to info essential to life processes thru DNA

59
Q

DNA

A

deoxyribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid that holds info about building proteins

60
Q

proteins use

A

structural + functional roles vital to survival

61
Q

where does the organism inherit DNA

62
Q

how do parents transmit DNA to offspring

A

reproduction

63
Q

Big Idea 4

A

Bio systems interact, and these systems + their interactions possess complex properties

64
Q

how do organisms sense and respond to changes

65
Q

receptors

A

structures that detect stimuli

66
Q

stimuli

A

specific kinds of energy, pressure, light, heat, sound

67
Q

graph components

A

Title

b. The independent variable (X-axis)
c. The dependant variable (Y-axis)
d. Scale for each variable
e. Legend (or key)

AP Bio (35 decks)

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