Biology - Inheritance and body functions

Question 1

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 1

Meiosis
Two parents are needed
no sex cells are involved
Humans reproduce this way
Offspring produced when cells divide
offspring have characteristics of both parents
Produces lots of variety
Making Body cells

Question 2

Asexual reproduction

Answer 2

Mitosis
Involves only one parent
Bacteria reproduce this way
no variety - genetically identical clones are formed
Male and female sex cells join together
Making gametes

Question 3

Largest to smallest.
DNA
Chromosome
Gene
Nucleus
Allele

Answer 3

Nucleus
Chromosome
DNA
Gene
Allele

Question 4

What shape is DNA

Answer 4

Double Helix. DNA is also a polymer

Question 5

Polymer

Answer 5

A large molecule made up from smaller molecules

Question 6

Human Genome Project

Answer 6

Scientists worked together to find the sequence of base pairs that made up the genome of a man and woman

Question 7

Why do we study the human genome

Answer 7

Great importance for medicine
Enables us to search for genes linked to diseases
Understand inherited disorders and treatment
Trace human migration patterns from the past

Question 8

Allele

Answer 8

Variations of the same gene

Question 9

Chromosome

Answer 9

Structure of nucleic acids and protein carrying genetic information in the forms of genes

Question 10

Cystic Fibrosis

Answer 10

A genetic disorder causes excessive mucus production that affects the lungs, digestive and reproductive systems

Question 11

Dominant Allele

Answer 11

Form of an allele that will be dominant if the recessive version is present

Question 12

Embryo Screeing

Answer 12

Testing cells from an embryo to look for genetic problems

Question 13

Environmental variation

Answer 13

Variation between individuals due to the environment

Question 14

Gene

Answer 14

A section of genetics which codes for a particular characteristic

Question 15

Genetic Variation

Answer 15

Variation between individuals due to their genetics

Question 16

Genome

Answer 16

The full set of genetic material in the nucleus of an organism

Question 17

Genotype

Answer 17

The genetic makeup of an individual for a particular characteristic

Question 18

Heterozygote

Answer 18

Individual with different alleles for a characteristic

Question 19

Homozygote

Answer 19

individual with two of the identical allele for a characteristic

Question 20

Meiosis

Answer 20

Two stage process of cell division which result in haploid cells. Four haploid daughter cells, identical

Question 21

Mitosis

Answer 21

Produced two diploid daughter cells. non-identical

Question 22

Mutation

Answer 22

A mutation In the genetic material in an organism

Question 23

Phenotype

Answer 23

The genetical expression of a particular genotype

Question 24

Polydactyly

Answer 24

Genetic condition where a baby is born with extra fingers or toes

Question 25

Recessive

Answer 25

A phenotype which will only show up if one of the alleles coded for are inherited: will be masked by a dominant gene

Question 26

Variation

Answer 26

Difference in characteristics between individuals of the same species

Question 27

What takes place in embryo screening

Answer 27

Cells are taken from the amniotic fluid or placenta and the cells are tested for genetic disorders . If so parents can decide whether to continue or terminate

Question 28

Ethical

Answer 28

Whether something is right or wrong

Question 29

Economic

Answer 29

When money is involved

Question 30

Social

Answer 30

How something effects an individual or society

Question 31

Capital letter =
Lowercase letter =

Answer 31

Capital letter = dominant allele
Lowercase letter = recessive allele

Question 32

Male genotype

Answer 32

X Y

Question 33

Female Genotype

Answer 33

X X