Biology (digestion) Flashcards
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
To break down food into nutrients that the body can use.
True or False: The stomach produces hydrochloric acid to aid in digestion.
True
Fill in the blank: The small intestine is where most _____ occurs.
digestion and absorption
Which organ is responsible for producing bile?
Liver
What are the four main stages of digestion?
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, and egestion.
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.
True or False: Enzymes are consumed in the reactions they catalyze.
False
Fill in the blank: Enzymes are made up of _____.
proteins
What is the active site of an enzyme?
The active site is the region on the enzyme where the substrate binds.
Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting enzyme activity? a) Temperature b) pH c) Color d) Substrate concentration
c) Color
What happens to an enzyme when it is denatured?
It loses its specific shape and, therefore, its ability to function.
Name one example of an enzyme and its substrate.
Amylase and starch.
True or False: Enzymes can work in both forward and reverse reactions.
True
What is the role of coenzymes in enzyme activity?
Coenzymes assist enzymes in catalyzing reactions, often by transferring electrons or functional groups.
Short answer: Describe how temperature affects enzyme activity.
As temperature increases, enzyme activity typically increases until it reaches an optimum temperature, after which activity decreases due to denaturation.
