Biology 2a Summary Questions

Question 1

Name five parts of a cell that both plant and animal cells have.

Answer 1

1) nucleus
2) cell membrane
3) cytoplasm
4) ribosomes
5) mitochondria

Question 2

What three things do plant cells have that animal cells don’t have?

Answer 2

1) cell wall
2) chloroplasts (with chlorophyll)
3) permanent vacuole

Question 3

Where is the genetic material found in:

a) animal cells
2) bacterial cells

Answer 3

a) in the nucleus

b) in the cytoplasm as there is no nucleus

Question 4

What is diffusion?

Answer 4

The movement of a substance over a semi-permeable membrane, from a high to low concentration.

Question 5

Name three substances that can diffuse through cell membranes and two that can’t.

Answer 5

CAN:
- oxygen
- amino acids
- glucose
CANT:
- proteins
- starch

Question 6

Give three ways that a palisade leaf cell is adapted for photosynthesis.

Answer 6

1) large surface area
2) tall and thin so lots can be at the top of the leaf
3) lots of chloroplasts for photosynthesis

Question 7

Give 3 ways that a red blood cell is adapted for absorbing oxygen.

Answer 7

1) concave shape so large surface area
2) lots of a pigment called haemoglobin
3) no nucleus for more haemoglobin

Question 8

What is a tissue and what is an organ?

Answer 8

A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a function. An organ is a group of tissues that work together to carry out a particular function.

Question 9

What three tissues are there in the human stomach and what do they do?

Answer 9

1) muscular - contract to help the stomach churn up food
2) epithelial - line the stomach to protect from hydrochloric acid
3) glandular - secretes enzymes for digesting food

Question 10

What is one organ system in the human body?

Answer 10

The digestive system.

Question 11

What is an example of a plant tissue and a plant organ?

Answer 11

TISSUES:
- phloem and xylem
- epidermal
- mesophyll
ORGANS:
- stem
- leaves
- roots

Question 12

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 12

Carbon dioxide + Water —> Glucose + Oxygen

Question 13

What is the green substance in leaves that absorbs sunlight?

Answer 13

Chlorophyll in the chloroplasts.

Question 14

Name the three factors that can limit rate of photosynthesis.

Answer 14

1) carbon dioxide
2) temperature
3) sunlight

Question 15

Why is it important that a plant doesn’t get too hot?

Answer 15

The enzymes that control photosynthesis would denature, meaning that it doesn’t happen therefore the plant would die.

Question 16

Why is glucose turned into starch when plants need to store it for later?

Answer 16

Starch is insoluble so it is easier to store.

Question 17

What are four other ways plants can use the glucose produced by photosynthesis?

Answer 17

1) turn it into cellulose for cell walls
2) make amino acids which are then converted into proteins
3) for respiration
4) turned into lipids and stored in seeds