BIODIVERSITY Flashcards
HOW MANY SPECIES OF ANTS, BEETLES, FISHES AND ORCHIDS ARE THERE?
20,000
3,00,000
28,000
20,000 RESPECTIVELY
WHO POPULARISED THE TERM BIODIVERSITY?
EDWARD WILSON
WHAT DEFINITION DID EDWARD WILSON GIVE REGARDING BIODIVERSITY?
THE COMBINED DIVERSITY AT ALL LEVELS OF BIOLOGICAL ORGANISATION
VARIATIONS IN THE PLANT RAUWOLFIA VOMITORIA IS WHICH TYPE OF DIVERSITY? AND WHY?
IT IS GENETIC DIVERSITY AND IT IS SHOWN DUE IN TERMS OF THE POTENCY AND CONCENTRATION OF THE ACTIVE CHEMICAL RESERPINE
HOW MANY STRAINS OF RICE AND MANGO ARE PRESENT IN INDIA? AND WHICH TYPE OF DIVERSITY IS SHOWN HERE?
50,000 AND 1,000 RESPECTIVELY
GENETIC DIVERSITY
WHAT IS GENETC DIVERSITY?
DIVERSITY SHOWN AT THE GENTIC LEVEL
WHAT IS SPECIES DIVERSITY?
DIVERSITY SHOWN AT THE SPECIES LEVEL
E.G: WESTERN GHATS HAVE GREATER AMPHIBIAN SPECIES THAN EASTERN GHATS
WHAT IS MEANT BY ECOLOGICAL DIVERSITY?
DIVERSITY AT THE ECOSYSTEM LEVEL. E.G: THE EXISTENCE OF DIFFERENT BIOMES
THE ALPINE MEADOWS HAS A GREATER DIVERSITY THAN A SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRY LIKE NORWAY
IUCN STANDS FOR
INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES
ACCORDING TO IUCN, HOW MANY ORGANISMS HAVE BEEN DISCOVERED YET SO FAR?
A LITTLE MORE THAN 1.5 MILLION
WHAT ESTIMATE ABOUT THE DIVERSITY DID ROBERT MAY PROPOSED?
THE DIVERSITY ON THIS PLANET IS ABOUT 7 MILLION
WHICH TYPE OF ORGANISMS ARE MORE IN NUMBER?
ANIMALS
THEY COMPRISE MORE THAN 70% OF THE TOTAL DIVERSITY
WHAT PROPORTION OF THE ORGANISMS ARE PLANTS?
AROUND 22%
AMONG ANIMALS, WHICH ORGANISMS ARE MORE IN NUMBER ?
IT IS THE INSECTS WHICH ARE MORE IN NUMBER. THEY COMPRISE MORE THAN 70% OF THE TOTAL ANIMAL POPULATION
AMONG THE PLANTS, WHICH ORGANISMS ARE MORE IN NUMBER?
IT IS THE FUNGI
CAN THE CONVENTIONAL TAXONOMIC METHODS BE APPLIED FOR IDENTIFYING THE POPULATION OF MICROBES?
NO. IT IS BECAUSE MANY SPECIES ARE NOT CULTURABLE UNDER THE LABORATORY CONDITIONS. THEIR BIODIVERSITY MIGHT RUN INTO MILLIONS IF WE CONSIDER THE BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR CRITERIA
WHAT IS THE SHARE OF INDIA’S BIODIVERSITY IN THE GLOBAL SPECIES?
8.1%
DUE TO THIS IT IS EVEN ONE OF THE 12 MEGA DIVERSITIES OF THE WORLD
HOW ARE THE PATTERNS OF BIODIVERSITY OBSERVED?
- LATITUDINAL GRADIENT
- SPECIES AREA RELATIONSHIP
HOW IS THE PATTERN OF DIVERSITY OBSERVED AS AND WHEN THE LATITUDINAL VARIATIONS OCCUR?
AS WE MOVE FROM THE EQUATOR TO THE POLES, THE SPECIES DIVERSITY DECREASES.
E.G: 1400 BIRD SPECIES IN COLUMBIA
105 BIRD SPECIES IN NEW YORK
56 SPECIES IN GREENLAND
WHY IS HIGH BIODIVERSITY FOUND IN THE TROPICS?
- SPECIATION IS A FUNCTION OF TIME. TEMPERATE REGIONS WERE SUBJECTED TO MANY GLACIATIONS, WHEREAS THE TROPICS HAVE REMAINED UNDISTURBED FOR MANY YEARS. DUE TO THIS, THEY HAD A LONG EVOLUTIONARY TIME
- TROPICS ARE LESS SEASONAL AND RELATIVELY MORE CONSTANT AND PREDICTABLE. SUCH TYPE OF CONSTANT ENVIRONMENT PROMOTE NICHE SPECIALIZATION
- THERE IS MORE SOLAR ENERGY AVAILABLE IN THE TROPICS
WHO GAVE THE SPECIES-AREA RELATIONSHIP AND WORKED IN THE SOUTH AMERICAN JUNGLES?
ALEXANDER VON HUMBOLDT
WHAT WAS PROPOSED BY ALEXANDER VON HUMBOLDT?
HE PROPOSED THAT AS THE AREA INCREASED THE DIVERSITY OF THE SPECIES INCREASED UPTO A CERTAIN LIMIT
‘Z’ REPRESENTS:-
IT REPRESENTS THE REGRESSION COEFFICIENT WHOSE VALUE LIES BETWEEN 0.1-0.2
BUT UPON ANALYZING THE WHOLE CONTINENT, IT WAS FOUND THAT THE THEIR VALUE LAY BETWEEN 0.6-0.12
WHAT DOES THE STEEPER SLOPE OF THE GRAPH BETWEEN SPECIES RICHNESS AND AREA?
STEEPER SLOPE INDICATES THAT IN A VERY SMALL AREA, HIGH SPECIES DIVERSITY IS FOUND
