biochem - exam 2 TPs Flashcards
Which of the following is not a cofactor in the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex?
A. TPP
B. Biotin
C. FAD
D. NAD
E. Lipoate
B. Biotin
From what vitamin is NAD derived?
A. Thiamine
B. Niacin
C. Riboflavin
D. Pantothenate
E. Folate
B. Niacin
from what vitamin is coenzyme A derived
A. Thiamine
B. Niacin
C. Riboflavin
D. Pantothenate
E. Folate
D. Pantothenate
Which CAC reaction requires the same 5 cofactors as the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction?
A. 3 (Formation of α-KG)
B. 4 (Formation of Succinyl-CoA)
C. 5 (Formation of Succinate)
D. 6 (Formation of Fumarate)
E. 7 (Formation of L-malate)
B. 4 (Formation of Succinyl-CoA)
In which CAC reaction is GTP (or ATP) formed?
A. 3 (Formation of α-KG)
B. 4 (Formation of Succinyl-CoA)
C. 5 (Formation of Succinate)
D. 6 (Formation of Fumarate)
E. 7 (Formation of L-malate)
C. 5 (Formation of Succinate)
3
in which CAC rxn is FAD reduced to FADH2
#4
#5
#6
#7
6
Which intermediates of the CAC are formed in anaplerotic reactions?
A. Citrate and isocitrate
B. Citrate and malate
C. Malate and oxaloacetate
D. Succinate and oxaloacetate
E. Succinateandfumarate
C. Malate and oxaloacetate
what effects does an elevated level of NADH have on the actity of citrate synthase
NADH activates the enzyme
NADH inhibits the enzyme
NADH inhibits the enzyme
What effect does an elevated level of ADP have on the activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase (Rxn #3)?
A- ADP activates the enzyme
B - ADP inhibts the enzyme
what is the energy yield of the CA fro succinyl CoA to OA
4, 1, 1
3, 1, 1
2, 1, 1
1, 1, 1
1, 1, 0
1, 1, 1
WHICH of the following CAC rxns is not very exoegnic? the rxn is catalyzed by
the pyrivate dehydrogenase complex
citrate synthase
aconitase
isocitrate dehydroganse
the alpha ketoglutarate complex
aconitase
Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the breakdown of proteins in the stomach?
A. Aminotransferase
B. Aminopeptidase
C. Carboxypeptidase
D. Chymotrypsin
E. Pepsin
F. Trypsin
E. Pepsin
which of the following is/are not involved in peptide hydrolysis in the small intestine
amino peptidases
carboxypeptidase
chymotrypsin
thrombin
trypsin
thrombin
if zymogens are blocked from entering the small intestine, the result may be
1 - poor absorption of vitamin B12 through the intestinal walls
2 - rapid proteolysis of proteins in the small intestine
3- acute pancreatitis
4 - ketoacidosis
3- acute pancreatitis
In the liver, the amino group of most amino acids is transferred to…
A. α-ketoglutarate
B. Alanine
C. Glucose
D. Pyruvate
A. α-ketoglutarate
the cofactor required for all aminotransferases is
A - biotin
B - coenzyme B12
C - lipoate
D - PLP
E - TPP
D - PLP
from vitamin is PLP derived
A - B1
B - B2
C - B3
D - B6
E - B12
D - B6
transports nitrogen as an amino group of muscle tissue to the liver
A - glutamate
B - glutamine
C - alanine
D - aspartate
E - asparagine
C - alanine
Normal human blood plasma contains all of the AA’s required for the synthesis of body proteins, but not in equal concentrations. Based on what you know about AA catabolism, which two AA’s would you expect to be present in much higher concentrations than the other AAs?
A. Alanine and glutamate
B. Alanine and glutamine
C. Asparagine and glutamate
D. Asparagine and glutamine
E. Glutamate and glutamine
B. Alanine and glutamine
Not taking into account the NADH generated in the malate dehydrogenase reaction, how many high-energy phosphate bonds (ATP equivalents) are used to form a molecule of urea, starting from ammonia and HCO -
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
E. 4
E. 4
metabolism through the urea cycle is regulated primarily by regulating which of the following reactions
A. formation of C.P
B. C.P + Orn to citrulline
C. citrulline + aspartate to A.S
D. A.S to Arg + Fum
E. Arg to Orn + Urea
A. formation of C.P
Which cofactor involved in amino acid degradation is correctly matched to the one-carbon group transfers?
A. Biotin: CHO
B. Tetrahydrofolate: CH2OH
C. SAM: CH2OH
D. PLP: CH3
E. Tetrahydrobiopterin:CO2
B. Tetrahydrofolate: CH2OH
the carbon skeleton of which amino acids are catabolized outside the liver
A. Asp & Asn
B. Gln & Glu
C. Phe & Tyr
D. Thr, Trp & Tyr
E. Val, IIe & Leu
B. Gln & Glu
which of the following emulsifies fatty acids in the small intestine
A. lecithin
B. bile salts
C. lipoprotein lipase
D. serum albumin
B. bile salts
The primary transporters of lipids from the small intestine to other parts of the body are…
A. Acyl transferases
B. Fatty acid transferases
C. Chylomicrons
D. Serum albumins
C. Chylomicrons
primary transports of lipids from adipose tissue to other parts of the body are
A. Acyl transferases
B. Fatty acid transferases
C. Chylomicrons
D. Serum albumins
D. Serum albumins
how many moles of ATP equivalents are required for the catabolism of one mole of myristic acid via the beta-oxidation pathway
2
6
7
21
27
2
Fatty acids are attached to ___ for transport from the cytosol into the mitochondria
A. Coenzyme A
B. Creatine
C. Carnitine
D. Serum albumin
C. Carnitine
Which of the following is true of β-oxidation of fatty acids?
A. In a single round, one molecule of FADH2 and one molecule of NADPH are produced.
B. It is the same for both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
C. Fatty acids are broken down into two- carbon units
D. It occurs in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria
C. Fatty acids are broken down into two- carbon units
How many ATP equivalents does one cycle of β- oxidation of fatty acids yield?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
D. 4
One cycle of the Citric Acid Cycle yields how many ATP equivalents?
A. 2.5
B. 4
C. 7.5
D. 10
D. 10
For each two-carbon increase in the length of a saturated fatty acid, how many additional moles of ATP can be formed upon complete oxidation of one mole of the fatty acid to CO2 and H2O (including the Citric Acid Cycle and the conversion of NADH and FADH2 energy to ATP energy?
A. 2.5
B. 4
C. 10
D. 14
how many moles of NADH are formed in the catabolism of one mole of myristic acid via beta oxidation pathway
2
6
7
21
27
27
how many moles of FAHD2 are formed from the catabolism of C-16 via beta oxidation and the CAC
7
8
15
24
31
15
How many cycles of β-oxidation are required for the complete oxidation of activated oleic acid, 18:1(Δ9)?
A. 1
B. 8
C. 9
D. 17
B. 8
how many moles of acetyl- CoA are formed by the beta oxidation of one mole of a fully saturated straight chain fatty acid of 11 carbons
A. 4
B. 5
C. 5.5
D. 8
E. 11
4
when a fatty acid with an odd number of carbons atoms is catabolzied the product after the last cycle of beta oxidation
A. acetyl-coa
B. biotin
C. coenzyme A
D. propionyl CoA
E. vitamine B12
D. propionyl CoA
from which of the following fatty acids would the energy yielld from beta oxidation be lowest
18:0
18:1
18:2
18:3
18:3
what cofactor is required for the conversion of propionyl CoA to succinyl CoA
carnitine
coenzyme A
coenzyme B12
intrinsic factor
NAD
coenzyme B12
An elevated level of ___ inhibits the transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria.
A. Carnitine
B. Malonyl-CoA
C. Coenzyme-A
D. Acetyl-CoA
B. Malonyl-CoA
The primary negative modulator/regulator of fatty acid catabolism is ___, and the secondary negative modulators/regulators are ___.
A. acetyl coa, carnitine
B. acetyl coa, malonyl-coa
C.acetyl coa, NADH
D. malonyl Coa, acetyl coa & NADH
E. malonyl coa, carnitine
D. malonyl Coa, acetyl coa & NADH
which of the following is not a ketone body
acetoacetate
acetone
diphenyl ketone
D-beta hydroxybutyrate
diphenyl ketone
ketone bodies are most likely to be formed when the cellular concentration of ____ is hgh and that of ___ is low
glucose, fatty acids
fatty acids, acetyl coa
acetyla coa, glucose
coenzyme A, glucose
glucose, coenzyme A,
acetyla coa, glucose
