Biochem

Question 1

Fates of pyruvate

Answer 1

In aerobic: acetyl-CoA + CO2 + NADH

In anaerobic: Lactate

In yeast: acetaldehyde

Question 2

Glycolysis yields to?

Answer 2

2 pyruvate
2 ATP (4ATP but 2 ATP used)
4 hydrogen

Question 3

Glycolysis happens in?

Answer 3

Cytoplasm

Question 4

Major source of glucose

Answer 4

Carbohydrates

Dietary galactose and fructose can be converted to glucose in the liver

Question 5

Major gluconeogenic amino acid

Answer 5

Alanine

*All AA work except Leucine and Lysine

Question 6

Precursors of gluconeogenesis

Answer 6

Lactate
Pyruvate
Propionyl-CoA from C-17/C-15 FA

Glycerol-3-phosphate (TAGs)

Amino acids (proteins) except leucine and lysine [[convert to MALATE then to glucose]]

Question 7

Hepatic enzyme important for G6P to be convert to glucose

Answer 7

Glucose-6-phosphatase

*Therefore, muscles cannot serve as source of blood glucose

Question 8

Guides the coiling of the DNA

Answer 8

Histones

DNA + Histones = chromatin

Question 9

Responsible for ribosomal synthesis

Answer 9

Nucleolus

Question 10

Kreb cycle happens where and byproducts?

Answer 10

Mitochondria

2 ATP
16 H+
4 CO2
2 Coenzyme A

Question 11

By product of oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 11

ETC of mitochondria

34 ATP

Question 12

Byproduct of direct phosphorylation

Answer 12

Cytoplasm

1 ATP
1 creatine