Bio-ethical Concepts

Question 1

integrity

Answer 1

An ethical concept that encourages a full COMMITMENT to KNOWLEDGE and UNDERSTANDING as well as the honest reporting of all the SOURCES of information and results.

Question 2

justice

Answer 2

An ethical concept that encourages fair consideration of COMPETING CLAIMS, and ensures that there is NO UNFAIR BURDEN on a particular group from an action.

Question 3

beneficence

Answer 3

An ethical concept that seeks to MAXIMISE BENIFITS when taking a particular position or course of action.

Question 4

non-maleficence

Answer 4

An ethical concept that DISCOURAGES CAUSING HARM - or when harm is unavoidable, ensuring that the harm is not DISPROPORTIONATE to the benefits from any position or course of an action.

Question 5

respect

Answer 5

An ethical concept that encourages the acknowledgment of the intrinsic VALUE of LIVING THINGS, and considers the WELFARE, BELIEFS, CUSTOMS and CULTURAL HERITAGE of both the individual and the collective.

Question 6

Consequences-based approach

Answer 6

Key terms: outcomes, benefits, consequences, effects

Question 7

Duty/rule-based approach

Answer 7

Key terms: obligation, duty, responsibility, commitment

Question 8

Virtue-based approach

Answer 8

Key terms: any reference to virtues, such as good, honest, caring