3B - Factors That Affect Enzymes

Question 1

optimal

Answer 1

The point at which for a given condition (e.g. temperature), the maximum function of an enzyme occurs. AKA optimum.

Question 2

denature

Answer 2

The disruption of a molecule’s structure by an external factor such as heat.

Question 3

saturation point

Answer 3

The point at which a substance (e.g. an enzyme) cannot receive more of another substance (e.g. a substrate).

Question 4

limiting factor

Answer 4

A factor that prevents the rate of reaction from increasing.

Question 5

enzyme inhibitor

Answer 5

A molecule that binds to and prevents an enzyme from functioning.

Question 6

competitive inhibitor

Answer 6

The hindrance of an enzyme by blocking the active site and preventing the substrate from binding.

Question 7

non-competitive inhibition

Answer 7

The hindrance of an enzyme by binding to an allosteric site and changing the shape of the active site to prevent the substrate from binding.

Question 8

allosteric site

Answer 8

A region on an enzyme that is not the active site,

Question 9

cofactor

Answer 9

Any organic or inorganic molecule, such as a coenzyme or metal ion, that assists enzyme function.

Question 10

ATP

Answer 10

Adenosine triphosphate, a high energy molecule that, when broken down, provides energy for cellular processes.

Question 11

coenzyme

Answer 11

A non-protein organic cofactor that assists enzyme function. They release energy and are recycled during a reaction.

Question 12

ADP

Answer 12

Adenosine diphosphate, the unloaded from of ATP.