better Module 5 Flashcards
what happens in PTS II?
electrons in chain, O and H from H₂O released
What happens in ETC of light reactions?
electrons go down chain, H+ ions go through membrane into thylakoid
What happens in PTS I?
re-energize electrons, through ETC again, get NADPH
What happens in the H+ movement and ATP formation of light reactions?
from charge difference, H+ ions go through ATP synthase, spinning it to catch ADP to make into ATP
What happens in first part of Calvin cycle?
CO₂ in cycle, combines to get 12 3-carbon molecules
What happens in the second part of Calvin cycle?
ATP and NADPH convert 3-carbon molecules to higher-energy forms, cycle restarts
What are the products and reactants of light reactions?
6H₂O —> 6O₂
What are the products and reactants of Calvin cycle?
6CO₂ —> glucose
What carriers do light reactions make?
ATP, NADPH
What carriers does Calvin cycle make?
9 ADP, 6 NADP+
What makes up ATP?
Phosphate group, adenosine, ribose
Where is PTS?
chloroplast
What is PTS energy source?
sunlight
Purpose of PTS
capture sun’s energy, store it in form of glucose
What happens in the ATP production of glycolysis?
2ATP molecules start glycolysis
What happens in NADH production of glycolysis?
remove 4 electrons; 2 go to NAD+ to make NADH and 2 go to ADP to make ATP
What is the net products of glycolysis?
2 ATP, 2 pyruvic acids, NADH
What happens in Citric acid production in Kreb’s cycle?
1 pyruvic acid carbon is made into CO₂. Other 2 pyruvic acid carbons make acetic acid. Acetic acid + coenzyme A = acetyl CoA. acetyl CoA adds acetyl to molecule to make citrus
What happens during energy extraction in Kreb’s cycle?
Citric acid broken into 4-carbon molecule, and 2 CO₂ released. Electrons added to electron carriers
How many Kreb’s cycles from 1 glucose?
2 cycles/1 glucose
How many ATP from each Kreb’s cycle?
1ATP/1 cycle
Net products of Kreb’s cycle
3 NADH, 2 ATP, CO₂, FADH2
What happens during electron transport of electron transport/energy synthesis?
electrons passed through etc to enzyme at end of chain. Enzyme makes H₂O, H₂O is released. As passed through chain, H+ ions go through membrane inside thylakoid, making it positive
What happens during ATP synthesis in electron transport/ATP synthesis?
change difference makes H+ go through ATP synthase, synthase spins and collects ADP. ADP and phosphate group combined in synthase, makes ATP
