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Biochem Prelim 2nd Sem > Beta Oxidation Of Fatty Acids > Flashcards

Beta Oxidation Of Fatty Acids Flashcards

0
Q

Beta oxidation location

A

Inner mitochondria or matrix

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1
Q

Principals means by which FA oxidized to forms ATPs

A

Beta oxidation

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2
Q

Process of beta oxidation

A

Removal of 2 carbon atoms at a time

Removals start at COOH (carboxyl end)

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3
Q

Major end product of beta oxidation

A

Acetyl CoA

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4
Q

Very first reaction of beta oxidation takes place in the

A

Cytoplasm

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5
Q

The chemical reactions in beta oxidation are usually opposite to

A

Lipogenisis

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6
Q

Addition of 2 carbons at a time

A

Lipogenesis

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7
Q

Lipogenesis location

A

Cytoplasm

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8
Q

Lipogenesis

Substrate

A

Acetyl CoA

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9
Q

All even number fatty acids the end products

A

Acetylcoa

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10
Q

If odd number fatty acids

A

It will undergo usual beta oxidation but when you already have 5 remaining carbon atoms minus 2 3 carbon atoms, profunyl CoA, then methyl malonyl coa, then succinyl coa

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11
Q

3 carbon atom molecule

A

Profunyl coA

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12
Q

Intermediate of krebs cycle

A

Succinyl coa

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13
Q

Reaction 1

A

Free fatty acid +CoA + ATP to

Fatty Acyl CoA

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14
Q

Reaction 1 location

A

Cytoplasm

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15
Q

Reaction 1 enzyme

A

Thiokinase (Acyl CoA synthetase)

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16
Q

ATP reaction

ATP to AMP + PPI + Heat

Enzyme

A

Pyrophosphate

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17
Q

ATP reaction

PPi to Pi + Pi + heat
Enzyme

A

Pyrophosphatase

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18
Q

Reaction 2

A

Carnitine transport system

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19
Q

Reaction 2.1

A

Fatty Acyl CoA + Carnitine to

Acylcarnitine (Fatty Acyl Carnitine Complex)

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20
Q

Reaction 2.1

Enzyme

A

Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase 1

Rate limiting enzyme

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21
Q

Location of the enzyme in reaction 2.1

A

Outer mitochondrial membrane

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22
Q

Enzyme in reaction 2.1 inhibited by

A

Malonyl CoA

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23
Q

Intermediate in extramitochondrial lipogenesis

A

Malonyl CoA

Kaya hindi pwedeng magkasbay ang lipogenesis at beta oxydation

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24
Q

Reaction 2.1

Location of the reaction:

A

Intermitochondrial space

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25
Q

Rate limiting step and commited step

A

Reaction 2.1

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26
Q

Reaction 2.2

A

Acylcarnitine goes

Inside the super inside of the mitochondria (mitochondrial matrix)

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27
Q

Reaction 2.2

Enzyme

A

Carnitine Acylcarnitine Translocase

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28
Q

Reaction 2.2

Location of the enzyme

A

Inner mitochondrial membrane

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29
Q

Reaction 2.2

Type of enzyme

A

Co transporter

Anti port

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30
Q

2 molecule of acylcarnitine transported to the mitochondrial matrix

A

Co transporter

31
Q

1 molecule of carnitine transported to the mitochondrial intermembrane space

A

Anti port

32
Q

Reaction 2.2

Location of reaction

A

Intermitochondrial space to mitochondrial matrix

33
Q

Reaction 2.3

A

Acylcarnitine to

Acyl CoA + Carnitine

34
Q

Reaction 2.3

Acyl CoA goes to

A

Reaction 3.1

35
Q

Reaction 2.3

Carnitine transported to

A

Back to intermitochondrial space

36
Q

Reaction 2.3

Enzyme

A

Carnitine palmitoyl transferase 2

37
Q

Reaction 2.3

Location of enzyme

A

Inner mitochondrial matrix

38
Q

Reaction 2.3

Location of reaction

A

Mitochondrial matrix

39
Q

Reaction 2.4

A

Carnitine goes back to the intermitochondrial space

40
Q

Reaction 2.4

Enzyme

A

Carnitine Acylcarnitine translocase

41
Q

Carnitine synthesized from

A

Lysine

Methionine

42
Q

Sufficient doses of carnitine

A

Enough substance to proceed to beta oxidation

43
Q

More carnitine

A

More FA oxidized

Less FA converted to fats

44
Q

Reaction 3

A

Oxidative step

45
Q

Reaction 3

Location

A

Mitochondrial matrix

46
Q

Reaction 3.1

A

1st oxidative step

47
Q

Reaction 3.1 1st oxidative step

A

Fatty acyl CoA to

Unsaturated Acyl CoA

48
Q

Reaction 3.1

Enzyme

A

Acyl CoA dehydrogenase

49
Q

Reaction 3.1

Coenzyme

A

FAD

50
Q

Reaction 3.2

A

Hydration step

51
Q

Reaction 3.2hydration step

A

Unsaturated acyl CoA to

Beta Ketoacyl CoA

52
Q

Reaction 3.2 hydration step

Enzyme

A

Enoyl CoA Hydratase

53
Q

Reaction 3.2 hydration step

Reaction process

A

Water added

54
Q

Reaction 3.3

A

2nd oxidative step

55
Q

Reaction 3.3 2nd oxidative step

A

Beta Hydroxyacyl CoA to

Beta Ketoacyl CoA

56
Q

Reaction 3.3 2nd oxidative step

Enzyme

A

Beta hydroxyl CoA dehydrogenase

57
Q

Reaction 3.3 2nd oxidative step

Coenzyme

A

NAD

58
Q

In reaction 3 how many ATP produced per cycle?

A

5ATP

2 from FADH
3 from NADH

59
Q

Reaction 4

A

Thiolysis

60
Q

Reaction 4 Thiolysis

A

Beta Ketoacyl CoA to

Fatty Acyl CoA + Acetyl CoA

61
Q

Reaction 4 Thiolysis

Fatty acyl CoA goes to

A

Reaction 3 hanggang maubos ito

62
Q

Reaction 4 Thiolysis

Acetyl CoA goes to

A

Lipogenesis

63
Q

Reaction 4 Thiolysis

Enzyme

A

Beta Keto Thiolase

64
Q

Other types of fatty acid oxidation

A

Peroximal oxidation
Alpha oxidation
Omega oxidation

65
Q

Oxidation of VERY LONG CHAIN FATTY ACIDS (C20-C22)

Modified form of Beta Oxidation

A

Peroximal Oxidation

66
Q

Peroximal Oxidation

End products

A

Acetyl CoA

H2O2 (peroxide)

67
Q

Removes ONE carbon atom at a time starting from COOH end
Does not generate high energy phosphate
CoA not required

A

Alpha Oxidation

68
Q

Minor pathway

Cytochorme P450 involved

A

Omega oxidation

69
Q

Omega oxidation

Location

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

70
Q

Episodic periods of hypoglycemia

Decreased gluconeogenesis

A

Carnitine deficiency

71
Q

Hypoglycemia
Affected organ is liver
Inherited

A

Deficiency of Carnitine Palmitoyl CoA transferase 1

72
Q

Affects the skeletal muscles

Necrosis with myoglobinuria

A

Deficiency of carnitine palmitoyl CoA transferase 2

73
Q

Defectin alpha oxidation

Accumulation of Phytanic Acid

A

Refsum’s disease

74
Q

Caused by eating unripe fruit (akee tree)

Fruit with hypoglycin

A

Jamaican vomiting sickness

75
Q

Inactivates. Medium and short chain Acyl CoAdehydrogenase

Beta oxidation inhibited

A

Hypoglycin

76
Q

Absence of peroxisomes in the tissue
Accumulation of Polyenoic Acids (C26-C38) in the brain tissue
Impaired bile acid and other lipid synthesis

A

Zellweger’s cerebrohepatorenal syndrome

Biochem Prelim 2nd Sem (13 decks)

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