Benign & Malignant Scrotal Diseases Flashcards
What is a Spermatocele? Etiology?
Cystic mass containing sperm that separate from testes.
Etiology: Rupture of vas deferens or epididymis
Signs and Symptoms of Spermatocele
small palpable mass at spermatic cord or epididymis - may be painful, transilluminates when large. Testicular ultrasound useful for diagnosis.
What is a Hydrocele? Etiology?
serous fluid accumulation between parietal and visceral layers of tunica vaginalis within scrotum.
Etiology: patent processus vaginalis in children, inflammation, trauma, tumor, idiopathic.
Signs of Symptoms of Hydrocele?
painless mass at scrotum, may be unilateral or bilateral, transilluminates when large
What is Varicocele? Etiology?
Dilation of pampiniform plexus
Etiology: Incompetent valves at internal spermatic vein
Signs and Symptoms of Varicocele
palpable or visible mass of dilated veins superior to testes, larger with Valsalva maneuvers
Treatment of Varicocele
Spermatic vein ligation
Sequelae of Variocele
Infertility, testicular atrophy
Grading of Varicocele
Grade I - palpable with Valsalva, II palpable without Valsalva, III - visible through scrotal skin.
What is Fournier’s Gangrene? Etiology?
Rapidly progressive gangrene of scrotum and/or penis of sudden onset
Etiology: E.coli
Signs and Symptoms of Fournier’s Gangrene
pain plus swelling of scrotum/penis with rapid progress to gray/black color with foul odor due to gangrene
Sequelae of Fournier’s Gangrene
Sepsis
What is Tinea Cruris? Etiology?
Fungal dermatitis at inner thigh and groin regions
Etiology: Fungal
Signs and Symptoms of Tinea Cruris
Scaling and elevated patches, pruritic
Treatment of Tinea Cruris
Clotrimazole, tolnaftate
