Benign And Malignant Tumours: Tumour Classification Flashcards
Define tumour (as opposed to neoplasm)
Any abnormal swelling
Define neoplasm (as opposed to tumour)
A lesion resulting from the autonomous or relatively autonomous abnormal growth of cells which persists after the initiating stimulus has been removed
What is a viscous?
An organ
What’s a lesion?
A localised abnormality
What is stroma in relation to neoplastic cells?
A ‘matress’ for the neoplastic cells
Where are neoplastic cells derived from?
Derived from nucleated cells
Does the neoplastic cells’ growth and activity relate to its parent cell?
Yes
For example, a thyroid neoplasm will grow similarly to a thyroid cell to an extent
What are the two ways to classify neoplasms?
Behavioural (malignant/benign) and histogenic (cell of origin)
What are the 6 features of benign neoplasms?
Localised, non-invasive
Slow growth rate
Low mitotic activity
Close resemblance to normal tissue
Circumscribed or encapsulated
Usually exophytic growth
What are the 6 features of malignant neoplasms?
Invasive
Metastases (not all though, some don’t - identifying factor between benign and malignant is that it’s invasive
Rapid growth rate
Variable resemblance to normal tissue
Poorly defined or irregular border
Usually endophytic growth
Where may neoplasms arise from? (3)
Epithelial cells
Connective tissues
Lymphoid/haematopoietic organs
What is a papilloma?
Benign neoplasm of non-glandular non-secretory epithelium
What is an adenoma?
Benign neoplasm of glandular or secretory epithelium
What is a carcinoma?
Malignant epithelial neoplasm
What are carcinomas of glandular epithelium called?
Adenocarcinomas
Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of apipocytes?
Lipoma
Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of cartilage
Chrondroma
Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of bone?
Osteoma
Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of vascular?
Angioma
Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of striated muscle?
Rhabdomyoma
Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of smooth muscle
Leiomyoma
Name of benign connective tissue neoplasms of nerves?
Neuroma
Name of malignant connective tissue neoplasms of adipose tissue?
Liposarcoma
Name of malignant connective tissue neoplasms of striated muscle?
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Name of malignant connective tissue neoplasms of smooth muscle?
Leiomyosarcoma
Name of malignant connective tissue neoplasms of cartilage?
Chrondrosarcoma
Name of malignant connective tissue neoplasms of bone?
Osteosarcoma
Name of malignant connective tissue neoplasms of blood vessels?
Angiosarcoma
Where a cell type of origin cannot be determined, the neoplasm is said to be what?
Anaplastic
What are the 3 exeptions to the -oma being neoplasms?
Granuloma, mycetoma, tuberculoma
Name malignant neoplasm of melanocytes
Melanoma
Name malignant neoplasm of mesothelial cells
Mesothelioma
Name malignant neoplasm of lymphoid cells
Lymphoma
