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SAFMEDS BEHP 5011-15 > BEHP 5011, Units 6-9 > Flashcards

BEHP 5011, Units 6-9 Flashcards

1
Q

The spread of the effects of reinforcement to responses outside the limits of an operant class

A

Induction

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2
Q

Opposite of differentiation

A

Response generalization

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3
Q

Its onset weakens behavior that precedes onset

A

Aversive stimulus

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4
Q

List four domains of behavior analysis

A

Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB)
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
Behavior Analysis Service Delivery
Conceptual Analysis of Behavior

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5
Q

Two value-altering effects of motivating operations

A

Establishing and abolishing effects

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6
Q

Decreases the momentary frequency of a response class

A

Abative effect

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7
Q

Introduced the term “establishing operation”

A

Keller and Schoenfeld

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8
Q

Deals with philosophical and theoretical issues

A

Conceptual Analysis

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9
Q

Reinforcement occurs if and only if the rate of response is equal to or greater than a specified value

A

Differential Reinforcement of a High Rate of Responding (DRH)

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10
Q

Reinforcement is delivered after a certain number of responses

A

Ratio

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11
Q

An alteration in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event as a result of a motivating operation.

A

Value-altering effect

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12
Q

A motivating operation that establishes the effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event as a reinforcer

A

Establishing operation

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13
Q

Verbal operant under the antecedent control of verbal stimuli without point-to-point correspondence and with no formal similarity

A

Intraverbal

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14
Q

Opposite of response generalization

A

Differentiation

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15
Q

Consists of two or more schedules of reinforcement operating simultaneously but independently of each other, each for a different response

A

Concurrent schedules

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16
Q

Two general types of motivating operations

A

Establishing operations and abolishing operations

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17
Q

Schedule of reinforcement that produces steady, low to moderate rates of responding

A

Variable Interval schedule

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18
Q

The repeating of a vocal verbal unit

A

Echoic

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19
Q

An increase in the current frequency of behavior that has been reinforced by the stimulus that is increased in reinforcing effectiveness by the same motivating operation

A

Evocative effect

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20
Q

The likelihood that a consequence will follow a specific response now

A

Availability

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21
Q

Term used by E.A. Vargas instead of “listener”

A

Mediator

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22
Q

Each and every single response that is emitted is reinforced; used to establish or strengthen behavior

A

Continuous reinforcement (CRF)

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23
Q

A stimulus or operation which evokes or abates a behavior due to having a value-altering effect on the consequence which reinforces or punishes that behavior

A

Motivating operation

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24
Q

Its offset strengthens behavior that precedes offset

A

Aversive stimulus

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25
Q

Schedule of reinforcement that produces a pause in responding immediately after reinforcement which is followed by a gradual increase in the rate of responding, with the highest rates at the time closest to reinforcement

A

Fixed Interval schedule

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26
Q

Motivating operations increase or decrease the effectiveness of a stimulus as a consequence. This is a ______ effect.

A

Value-altering

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27
Q

Its offset weakens behavior that precedes offset

A

Appetitive stimulus

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28
Q

No discriminative stimuli (Sds) in the links of the chain

A

Tandem schedule

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29
Q

An establishing operation whose value-altering effect is of ontogenic provenance

A

Conditioned establishing operation (CEO)

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30
Q

Increase in the momentary effectiveness of a specific reinforcer or punisher

A

Establishing effect

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31
Q

A sequence of responses in which each response produces a stimulus change that functions as conditioned reinforcement for that response and as a discriminative stimulus for the next response in the chain

A

Behavior chain

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32
Q

A change in one component of a multiple schedule that increases or decreases the rate of responding on that component is accompanied by a change in the response rate in the opposite direction on the other, unaltered component of the schedule

A

Behavioral contrast

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33
Q

The set of assessment and behavior change procedures validated by ABA researchers

A

Behavioral technology

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34
Q

The number of responses, or amount of time, is random, but centers around a particular value

A

Variable

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35
Q

Name four other unconditioned motivating operations (in addition to deprivation/satiation)

A

Too cold, too warm, sex, painful stimulation

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36
Q

The speaker selects a stimulus in the environment by pointing or finding a picture and handing it to the listener

A

Selection-based verbal behavior

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37
Q

Organisms match relative rates of behavior to relative rates of reinforcement

A

Matching Law

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38
Q

Stimuli that occur between two responses in a chain

A

Links

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39
Q

An operant class that includes within it other classes that can themselves function as operants

A

Higher-order class

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40
Q

Introduced the term “motivating operations”

A

Jack Michael

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41
Q

The rule which describes or specifies which responses will be followed by reinforcement and which will not

A

Schedule of reinforcement

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42
Q

Two effects of AOs related to reinforcement

A

Reinforcer-abolishing effect and abative effect

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43
Q

The terminal target response is similar in form to the initial response, but varies across some dimension, such as rate or duration

A

Shaping within topographies

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44
Q

Three parameters of reinforcement

A

Magnitude, quantity, duration

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45
Q

Behavior acquired via immediate reinforcement contingencies

A

Contingency-shaped behavior

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46
Q

A decrease in the current frequency of behavior that has been reinforced by the stimulus that is decreased in reinforcing effectiveness by the same motivating operation

A

Abative effect

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47
Q

Helps other persons to achieve their outcomes with the implementation of procedures validated by ABA researchers to make a difference in people’s lives

A

ABA Practice

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48
Q

Its presentation evokes behavior that terminates it

A

Aversive stimulus

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49
Q

The implementation of basic principles to change behaviors of significance to clients. Which dimension of ABA?

A

Applied

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50
Q

Operant behavior reinforced through the mediation of other persons

A

Verbal behavior

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51
Q

These explain behavior by referring to hypothetical constructs from a dimension that is inferred to be inside the organism

A

Mentalistic explanations

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52
Q

Name the seven dimensions of ABA

A

Applied, Behavioral, Analytic, Technological, Conceptually Systematic, Effective, Generality

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53
Q

A restriction placed on an interval schedule requiring that the response occur within a specified time limit following the interval to be eligible for reinforcement

A

Limited Hold

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54
Q

A schedule of reinforcement in which the response requirements of two or more basic schedules must be met in a specific sequence before reinforcement is delivered

A

Chained schedule

55
Q

Painful stimulation may also evoke ______

A

Aggression

56
Q

Term used by E.A. Vargas instead of “speaker”

A

Verbalizer

57
Q

Name 5 elementary verbal operants

A

Tact, mand, duplic, codic, intraverbal

58
Q

Past and current behavior is explained as a function of environmental contingencies

A

Environmental explanations

59
Q

Mentalistic or teleological explanations

A

Explanatory fictions

60
Q

Establishing and abolishing operations are _____ effects

A

Value-altering

61
Q

Matching law is related to _________ schedules of reinforcement

A

Concurrent (two different schedules for two different responses)

62
Q

Motivating operations that alter the effectiveness of reinforcers as a result of the individual organism’s learning history

A

Conditioned motivating operations

63
Q

May elicit smooth muscle and gland responses

A

Aversive or appetitive stimulus

64
Q

Duplic which has point-to-point correspondence and formal similarity to the written verbal stimulus

A

Copying a text

65
Q

List four methodologies of EAB

A

Direct, repeated measurement of behavior
Rate of response as the basic datum
Visual inference (graphing)
Within-subject comparisons

66
Q

The listener discriminates what the speaker is “saying” based on the topography of the verbal behavior

A

Topography-based verbal behavior

67
Q

The imitation of a physical movement that is also a non-vocal verbal unit

A

Mimetic

68
Q

The differential reinforcement of successive approximations to a target behavior

A

Shaping

69
Q

Name five deprivation/satiation unconditioned motivating operations

A

Food, water, sleep, activity, oxygen

70
Q

Behavior under the antecedent control of a mand to comply

A

Receptive language

71
Q

Schedule of reinforcement that produces a pause in responding immediately after reinforcement which is followed by a burst of responding. Pauses tend to be longer the thinner the schedule.

A

Fixed Ratio schedule

72
Q

Cover various functions of stimuli; used to categorize stimuli that have multiple functions

A

Omnibus terms

73
Q

Composed of listeners who belong to a trained verbal community

A

Audience

74
Q

The design, implementation, and evaluation of systematic environmental modifications to produce socially significant improvements in human behavior

A

ABA

75
Q

A behavioral effect associated with abrupt increases in ratio requirements when moving from denser to thinner reinforcement schedules

A

Ratio strain

76
Q

An alteration in the current frequency of behavior that has been reinforced by the stimulus that is altered in effectiveness by the same motivating operation.

A

Behavior-altering effect

77
Q

Schedule of reinforcement that produces high and steady rates of responding

A

Variable Ratio schedule

78
Q

Procedures are linked to, and described in terms of, the basic principles of behavior. Which dimension of ABA?

A

Conceptually systematic

79
Q

The individual emitting the verbal response

A

Speaker

80
Q

A motivating operation that decreases the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event

A

Abolishing operation

81
Q

Verbal operant under the antecedent control of a non-verbal stimulus

A

Tact

82
Q

Verbal operant under the antecedent control of an establishing operation

A

Mand

83
Q

An antecedent condition, operation, or stimulus that alters the effectiveness of a consequence and has a momentary effect on a dimension of behavior

A

Motivating operation

84
Q

The likelihood that if the consequence occurs now it will be effective as reinforcement or punishment for the behavior

A

Value

85
Q

Summary labels of behavior (such as traits, states, attitudes, diagnostic categories) and other hypothetical constructs are used to explain behavior

A

Mentalisms

86
Q

A higher-order operant response class that is under the control of verbal antecedent stimuli

A

Rule-governed behavior

87
Q

A preferred stimulus is delivered at a point in time without a response requirement

A

Time-based schedules

88
Q

Alter the evocative or abative effect of other antecedent stimuli

A

Function-altering effects of rules

89
Q

Applied research that applies the basic principles derived from EAB to solve problems of social significance

A

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)

90
Q

Opposite of stimulus generalization

A

Discrimination

91
Q

Consists of two or more alternating schedules of reinforcement, each associated with a different stimulus

A

Multiple schedules

92
Q

The basic foundation for our conceptual analyses and permeates all the branches

A

Radical behaviorism

93
Q

The allocation of responses to choices available on concurrent schedules of reinforcement

A

Matching Law

94
Q

“reinforcement by relief”

A

Negative reinforcement

95
Q

The number of responses, or amount of time, remains the same

A

Fixed

96
Q

Uses future events to explain behaviors

A

Teleological explanations

97
Q

A conditioned reinforcer is produced by completion of the response requirements for that component schedule in the chain

A

Chained schedule

98
Q

“Scalloped” schedule of reinforcement

A

Fixed Interval schedule

99
Q

Increase the effectiveness (value) of a consequence (reinforcer or punisher)

A

Establishing operation

100
Q

Decrease the effectiveness of a consequence

A

Abolishing operation

101
Q

An abolishing operation whose value-altering effect is of ontogenic provenance

A

Conditioned abolishing operation (CAO)

102
Q

The individual the speaker interacts with

A

Listener

103
Q

Name 3 types of duplic

A

Echoics (verbal imitation, repeating), Copying a text, Mimetics (motor imitation)

104
Q

Its onset strengthens behavior that precedes onset

A

Appetitive stimulus

105
Q

Procedures are completely identified, precisely described and defined. Which dimension of ABA?

A

Technological

106
Q

Increases the momentary frequency of a response class

A

Evocative effect

107
Q

An accountable discipline in which changes in procedure are data-based. Which dimension of ABA?

A

Effective

108
Q

Behavioral contrast is related to ________ schedules of reinforcement

A

Multiple (two alternating schedules with signaling for the same response)

109
Q

Skinner’s view of language is classified with respect to:

A

Function

110
Q

The contingency for reinforcement is governed by the time elapsed between successive responses

A

DRH-IRT schedules

111
Q

An establishing operation whose value-altering effect is of phylogenic provenance

A

Unconditioned establishing operation (UEO)

112
Q

It abates behavior that removes it

A

Appetitive stimulus

113
Q

Two effects of EOs related to reinforcement

A

Reinforcer-establishing effect and evocative effect

114
Q

Directly observed and measured. Which dimension of ABA?

A

Behavioral

115
Q

A stimulus which evokes or abates behavior due to a past history of differential reinforcement for that behavior depending on its presence or absence

A

Discriminative stimulus

116
Q

Two general effects of motivating operations

A

Behavior-altering and value-altering effects

117
Q

Reinforcement is delivered for the first response after a certain amount of time since the previous reinforcement

A

Interval

118
Q

Consists of two or more alternating schedules of reinforcement, without different stimuli associated.

A

Mixed schedules

119
Q

Basic research; provides the scientific method for studying behavior by using cumulative records, manipulation of variables, and automatic recording

A

Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB)

120
Q

Two behavior-altering effects of motivating operations

A

Evoke or abate

121
Q

The terminal target response is a distinct topography - a different response - than the response that is currently occurring

A

Shaping across topographies

122
Q

Seeks to identify functional relations between manipulated environmental events and behavior through systematic and controlled manipulations. Which dimension of ABA?

A

Analytic

123
Q

Opposite of discrimination

A

Stimulus generalization

124
Q

The contrast between available or unavailable consequences

A

Differential availability

125
Q

Another term for induction

A

Response generalization

126
Q

Function-altering stimuli which alter the effects of neutral stimuli so that they function as Sds or MOs

A

Rules

127
Q

Decrease in the momentary effectiveness of a specific reinforcer or punisher

A

Abolishing effect

128
Q

Verbal operant under the antecedent control of verbal stimuli with point-to-point correspondence but without formal similarity

A

Codic

129
Q

Some responses are reinforced and some are not; used to maintain already established behavior

A

Intermittent reinforcement

130
Q

An abolishing operation whose value-altering effect is of phylogenic provenance

A

Unconditioned abolishing operation (UAO)

131
Q

All or none schedule of reinforcement

A

Fixed Ratio schedule

132
Q

Verbal operant under the antecedent control of verbal stimuli with point-to-point correspondence and with formal similarity to the response

A

Duplic

133
Q

Painful stimulation is always an ____

A

Establishing operation

134
Q

Behavior changes achieved should maintain, transfer to other settings and situations, and spread to other behaviors. Which dimension of ABA?

A

Generality

SAFMEDS BEHP 5011-15 (9 decks)

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