BEHP 5011, Units 1-5 Flashcards
Discriminative stimulus for unavailability of positive punishment
S-delta P+
An environmental change in which a stimulus is added (presented) or magnified following a response, that decreases the future frequency of that response
Positive Punishment
A stimulus that follows, that is, occurs after a response
Consequence
An environmental change that follows a response and increases or maintains the future frequency of that behavior
Reinforcement
The process by which a previously reinforced behavior is weakened by withholding reinforcement
Operant extinction
An environmental change in which a stimulus is subtracted (withdrawn or removed) or attenuated following a response, and which increases or maintains the future frequency of that behavior
Negative reinforcement
An environmental variable that alters the reinforcing or punishing effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event; and alters the current frequency of all behavior that has been reinforced or punished by that stimulus, object or event.
Motivating operation
A stimulus that initially has no innate reinforcing properties, but acquires reinforcing properties through pairing with unconditioned reinforcers or powerful conditioned reinforcers
Conditioned reinforcer
The total constellation of stimuli and conditions which can affect behavior
Environment
A grouping of individual actions or responses that share those commonalities included in the class definition
Response class
A temporary increase in some dimension or intensity of a reflex response due to repeated presentations of an eliciting stimulus (usually aversive).
Potentiation
When differential reinforcement consists of reinforcing a response when certain stimuli are present and not reinforcing the same response when those stimuli are not present.
Discrimination
A discrimination in which reinforcing a response is contingent (conditional) on another stimulus
Conditional discrimination
Reinforcing only those responses within a response class that meet a specific criterion along some dimension(s) and placing all other responses in the class on extinction.
Differential reinforcement
A stimulus which precedes, that is, occurs before a response
Antecedent
SD for SR
Discriminative stimulus for reinforcement
Sp+
Conditioned positive punishment
SP-
Unconditioned negative punishment
To strongly, consistently and reliably evoke; used exclusively for respondent functional relations
Elicit
Continually question the truthfulness of what is regarded as fact
Philosophical doubt
No clear warning stimulus, but a response can still delay or prevent the occurrence of the aversive event.
Unsignaled avoidance
Behavior is modified by its consequences irrespective of the person’s awareness
Automaticity
Consist of the situation (set of circumstances) in which behavior occurs at any given time
Environmental context
Discriminative stimulus for punishment; abates behavior because in the past that behavior has been punished in its presence
SDP for SP
When the frequency, latency, duration or amplitude of a behavior is altered by the presence or absence of an antecedent stimulus.
Stimulus control
The onset of the CS must come first, before the onset of the US; 1-2 second delay; very effective
Short delay conditioning
SDP+
Discriminative stimulus for positive punishment
A stimulus that, usually, is reinforcing without any prior learning; that is, its effect is due to phylogenic provenance
Unconditioned reinforcer
A decrease in the momentary frequency of a response class
Abative effect
Effect of consequences on discriminative stimuli
Function-altering
A temporary reduction in a reflex response due to repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus. Transitory, only used in reference to reflexes.
Habituation
List the 3 fundamental properties
Temporal locus, temporal extent, repeatability
The environment selects which variations survive and are passed on.
Natural selection
S-delta P for (XSPX)
Discriminative stimulus for withholding punishment
A fundamental quality of a natural phenomenon
Property
A response can reoccur
Repeatability
S-delta R+
Discriminative stimulus for extinction of behavior maintained by positive reinforcement
SDR-
Discriminative stimulus for negative reinforcement
Terminates a “warning” stimulus; prevents or delays the onset of an aversive stimulus
Avoidance
A stimulus that, when presented following a response, increases or maintains the future frequency of that response
Reinforcer
The tendency of a learned response to occur in the presence of stimuli which were not present during training but which either have some similar physical properties to the SD or have been associated with the SD.
Simulus generalization
The philosophy or world view underlying behavior analysis. Posits that behavior is the subject matter of our science.
Behaviorism
A stimulus which has no eliciting effect on behavior prior to being paired contingently with an unconditioned stimulus or another conditioned stimulus.
Neutral stimulus
A specific instance of behavior
Response
A collection of two or more topographically different responses that all have the same effect on the environment, usually producing a specific class of reinforcers.
Functional response class
Discriminative stimuli and motivating operations are ________ antecedents
Behavior-altering
The discontinuing of a reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior
Extinction
Discovered the Law of Effect
Edward Lee Thorndike
Discriminative stimulus for unavailability of negative punishment
S-delta P-
A response which is elicited by a conditioned stimulus due to prior learning
Conditioned response
S-delta for (XSRX)
Discriminative stimulus for extinction
The effect of a stimulus on a specific response may be innate, due to the evolutionary history of that species.
Phylogenic provenance
Behavior that has an effect on the environment and is primarily under the control of its consequences
Operant behavior
The sudden reappearance of a previously extinguished conditioned reflex.
Respondent spontaneous recovery
A relatively permanent change in behavior as a result of experience
Learning
A person explicitly arranged the contingency
Planned reinforcement
The contingency was not explicitly arranged
Unplanned reinforcement
SP+
Unconditioned positive punishment
An environmental change in which a stimulus is added (presented) or magnified following a response, that increases or maintains the future frequency of that response
Positive reinforcement
A quantifiable aspect of a property
Dimensional quantities
CS and US occur at the same time; usually not effective
Simultaneous conditioning
Behavior is NOT likely to occur under the current conditions
Abate
Sr-
Conditioned negative reinforcement
List 3 types of contingencies
S-S contingencies (pairing), R-S contingencies, S-R-S contingencies (3-term contingency)
Change in one of the other dimensional quantities of behavior over time.
Celeration
Occurs when stimulus change immediately follows a response and decreases the future frequency of that type of behavior in similar conditions
Punishment
Behavior is likely to occur now, under the current conditions
Evoke
An increase in the momentary frequency of a response class
Evocative effect