Behavoirist Approach Flashcards
Who founded behaviourism?
JB Watson
What was Pavlov’s research?
While researching the digestive system of dogs. Pavlov found that the dog began to start salivating by just hearing a bell due to learning through association. This is known classical conditioning.
What did Watson say about birth?
All are born as blank slates but have the capacity to lean
What is classical conditioning?
At first the UCS is food, the NS is a bell and the UCR is salivation. After a while the dog learns to associate the UCS with the NS and will salivate when the NS is presented. The NS becomes the CS and the UCR becomes the CR.
Who started operant conditioning?
B.F Skinner
What is operant conditioning?
When an incentive or punishment is used in order to teach an animal. Eg through food or shock until it learns to either gain food or to avoid a shock weather it is to press a leaver or do a turn.
What type of conditioning is operant conditioning?
Conditioning by consequence
What is reenforcement?
Something used to increase the likelihood of a behaviour
What is positive reenforcement?
The use of an incentive to increase the likelihood of a behaviour
What is negative reenforcement?
To increase a behaviour by making a want to avoid a punishment
What is a punishment?
A negative consequence in order to prevent negative behaviour.
What were assumptions of the behaviourist approach?
All behaviour is learnt from the environment
Both positive and negative reinforcement make a behaviour more likely to happen
What is a stimulus?
Anything that brings out a response
What is CC learning?
Stimulus and response of reactions like blinking
What is SLT learning?
We learn by looking up to and copying others
