Behavioral Therapies Flashcards
In the Ivan Pavlov Dog Experiment what were the unconditioned stimulus and response (UCS & UCR) and what was the conditioned stimulus (CS) and Conditioned response (CR)?
UCS - meat powder
UCR - Salivation
CS - Bell ringing
CR - Salivation
What is extinction?
exposing dog to food without bell can at some point make the bell an unconditioned stimulus again.
In the Little Albert case (kid with the white rat) had generalization in it, what is generalization?
He was initially afraid of the white rat but then was afraid of a white rabbit, white doctor coat, etc…
How can we use classical conditioning to treat phobias?
- Relaxation activity (UCS) -> relaxation UCR
- Object of phobia (CS) + relaxation activity (UCS) -> relaxation (UCR)
- Object of phobia (CS) -> Relaxation (CR)
So basically pair the phobia with a good activity and overtime the phobia will produce positive feelings
What is systematic desensitization?
Basically making hierarchy list of fears and apply conditioning methods to work from the bottom (least fear) of the list to the top of the list (biggest fear).
Classical conditioning - learning is the association of things that take place when?
together in time
Operant conditioning - learning is the association of things that take place how?
Sequentially
Reinforcement causes what?
increased in the behavior engaged in
Punishment causes what?
decreased in the behavior engaged in
What does it mean for either a reinforcement/punishment to be positive? negative?
Positive - something is added
Negative - Something is taken away
Which has a better efficacy punishment or reinforcement?
reinforcement
