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MS 2 - Unit 3 > Behavioral Science - Schizophrenia > Flashcards

Behavioral Science - Schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

Psychosis is a hallmark symptom of what psychiatric disorder?

A

Schizophrenia
–Hallucinations, delusions, abnormalities in thought process/organization

Psychosis CAN occur in other disorders is bipolar disorder, substance abuse, delirium, depression

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2
Q

What are the symptoms of psychosis?

A 
Illusion
Hallucinations
Ideas of reference
Delusions
Loss of ego boundaries
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3
Q

What is echolalia?

A

Repeating the statements of others, associating words by sound

Symptom of psychosis

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4
Q 
Alogia
Echolalia
Thought Blocking
Neologisms
Circumstantiality
Tangentiality
Loose associations

These are characteristics of:

A

Psychosis

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5
Q

The diagnostic symptoms for schizophrenia are:

A

Part A symptoms:

  1. Delusions
  2. Hallucinations
  3. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
  4. Negative symptoms (flat affect, alogia, avolition
  5. Disorganized speech

**2 or more, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period

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6
Q

What is the DSM criteria for schizophrenia?

A

Characteristic symptoms;
Social and occupational dysfunction (symptoms are affecting your life);
Continuous signs of disturbance present for 6 months with at least 1 month of active symptoms;
Can’t be due to other mood disorder or medical condition

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7
Q

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are:

A 
Delusions
Hallucinations
Agitation
Talkativeness
Thought disorder

respond well to antipsychotics

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8
Q

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia are often mistaken for:

A

Depression

Lack of motivation
Social withdrawal
Flattened affect/emotion
Cognitive disturbances
Poor grooming
Impoverished speech

sometimes a better response with atypical antipsychotics

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9
Q

What is the residual phase of schizophrenia?

A

Period between psychotic episodes, in touch with reality but does not behave normally

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10
Q

What is the prodromal phase of schizophrenia?

A

Prior to first psychotic break - several months to a year or two

Anxiety and depression are common;
Avoiding social activities;
Quiet and passive or irritable;
Sudden interest in religion;
Physical complaints
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11
Q

What is the age of onset of schizophrenia?

A

15-25 in men
25-35 in women

1:1 incidence in men and women

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12
Q

Women with schizophrenia have a greater risk of what complication?

A

Tardive dyskinesia (bc of D2 receptor drug blockage)

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13
Q

Third trimester maternal use of diuretics is associated with what greater risk?

A

Schizophrenia

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14
Q

Negative symptoms in schizophrenia are from

A

Hypofrontal frontal lobes
Cold dorsolateral PFC;
Decreased use of glucose

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15
Q

Lateral and third ventricle enlargement is seen in what psychiatric disorder?

A

Schizophrenia

Along with changes in brain density, decreased volume of hippocampus, amygdala and parahippocampal gyri

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16
Q

What happens if dopamine is blocked in the brain, for example, in the mesolimbic pathway, and then there is subsequently less dopamine in the tuberoinfundibular pathway?

A

Increase in prolactin secretion when DA is low

17
Q

What are the BRAIN goals of schizophrenia treatment?

A

SLOW mesolimbic pathway (positive symptoms);
INCREASE mesocortical pathway (negative symptoms);
HAVE NO EFFECT ON tuberoinfundibular pathway and nigrostriatal pathway

18
Q

What metabolite of dopamine is found in elevated levels in patients with schizophrenia?

A

Homovanillic acid

19
Q

What is the leading hypothesis behind schizophrenia?

A

Glumate –> dopamine

20
Q

What is GLU-GABA-GLU-DA ?

A

Normal functioning

21
Q

What is GLU-GABA-GLU-GABA-DA?

A

Normal functioning

Hyperactivate second GLU - hypofunctioning –> negative symptoms

22
Q

What is schizophreniform disorder?

A

1-6 months of symptoms

23
Q

What is schizoaffective disorder?

A

Schizophrenia + mania/depression

24
Q

What is brief psychotic disorder?

A

1-29 days of schizophrenia symptoms

25
Q

All effective antipsychotics block _____ in the mesolimbic dopamine path.

A

D2

26
Q

Haloperidol and Chlorpromazine are what kinds of drugs?

A

Traditional, typical first generation antipsychotics

–more side effects in nigrostriatal and tuberoinfundibular pathways

27
Q

Use: Clozapine

A

Atypical antipsychotic;
first line for schizophrenia;
5HT2a blockade allows dopamine to move more freely in the nigrostriatal path

28
Q

Use: Risperidone

A

Atypical antipsychotic;
first line for schizophrenia;
5HT2a blockade allows dopamine to move more freely in the nigrostriatal path –> less neurological side effects

29
Q

Use: Paliperidone

A

Atypical antipsychotic;
first line for schizophrenia;
5HT2a blockade allows dopamine to move more freely in the nigrostriatal path –> less neurological side effects

30
Q

Use: Olanzapine

A

Atypical antipsychotic;
first line for schizophrenia;
5HT2a blockade allows dopamine to move more freely in the nigrostriatal path –> less neurological side effects

31
Q

Use: Quietapine

A

Atypical antipsychotic;
first line for schizophrenia;
5HT2a blockade allows dopamine to move more freely in the nigrostriatal path –> less neurological side effects

32
Q

Use: Ziprasidone

A

Atypical antipsychotic;
first line for schizophrenia;
5HT2a blockade allows dopamine to move more freely in the nigrostriatal path –> less neurological side effects

33
Q

Use: Aripiprazole

A

Atypical antipsychotic;
first line for schizophrenia;
5HT2a blockade allows dopamine to move more freely in the nigrostriatal path –> less neurological side effects

34
Q

Use: Asenapine

A

Atypical antipsychotic;
first line for schizophrenia;
5HT2a blockade allows dopamine to move more freely in the nigrostriatal path –> less neurological side effects

35
Q

Use: Iloperidone

A

Atypical antipsychotic;
first line for schizophrenia;
5HT2a blockade allows dopamine to move more freely in the nigrostriatal path –> less neurological side effects

36
Q

Use: Lurasidone

A

Atypical antipsychotic;
first line for schizophrenia;
5HT2a blockade allows dopamine to move more freely in the nigrostriatal path –> less neurological side effects

37
Q

What second generation antipsychotics are available as shots?

A

Risperidone
Paliperidone
Aripiprazole

decrease relapse

38
Q

What psychotherapy is helpful in schizophrenia treatment?

A

CBT
Family therapy
Peer and mentor groups

39
Q

Neurotransmitter abnormalities in schizophrenia include:

A

Excess dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, norepinephrine

MS 2 - Unit 3 (45 decks)

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